Notes for The Hundred Years War 1415–1453 - IB | RevisionDojo
The Hundred Years War 1415–1453 Notes
Overview (1415–1453)
The later part of the Hundred Years’ War was one of the most dramatic periods in medieval Europe.
It started with the English winning big victories, like the Battle of Agincourt in 1415, and even getting a treaty that said their king could inherit the French throne.
Things changed when the French rallied, especially with Joan of Arc’s leadership in the 1420s.
France’s kings got stronger and reorganized their armies, while England struggled with weak leadership and money problems.
By 1453, France had won back almost all its land, and England was left with only Calais.
The map highlights the regions held by the English and the French around 1422, after Henry V and Charles VI both died. English territories such as Normandy and Gascony are shaded differently from French lands like Anjou, Orléanais, and Bourbon
Reasons for the Re-emergence of War
Henry V wanted to make England powerful again and prove himself as a strong king.
France was weak at the time because its nobles were divided into two rival groups, which made it easier for England to attack.
Controlling French land meant more money and resources for England.
Knights and nobles on both sides also wanted glory and rewards from fighting.
Aquitaine
Aquitaine was a rich region known for its wine and trade, and it had been argued over since the start of the war.
Controlling Aquitaine gave England a steady flow of money and an important base to launch attacks into France.
For France, kicking the English out of Aquitaine was key to restoring national pride.
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What new military technology did France use during the Hundred Years' War?
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Note
The Hundred Years' War was a series of conflicts fought between England and France from 1337 to 1453. The war was not a continuous battle but rather a series of campaigns and truces that spanned over a century.
The war began due to a complex web of feudal claims, territorial disputes, and dynastic ambitions
The conflict saw the rise and fall of powerful monarchs, the emergence of new military technologies, and significant social and political changes in both countries
DefinitionHundred Years' War
A series of conflicts between England and France from 1337 to 1453, primarily over the right to rule the Kingdom of France.
Analogy
Think of the Hundred Years' War as a long chess game between two grandmasters, with each side making strategic moves, counter-moves, and occasional pauses in play.
