Notes for The Wars of the Roses - IB | RevisionDojo
The Wars of the Roses Notes
Overview
The Wars of the Roses (1455–1487) were a series of civil wars in England between the houses of Lancaster and York
Both claimed the throne through descent from Edward III.
These wars weredriven by
Disputes over succession
Weak royal leadership
Economic hardship
Powerful noble rivalries.
Causes
Both the Lancastrians and Yorkists had legitimate claims to the throne.
Henry VI’s mental health problems and inability to manage nobles created instability.
Overmighty subjects like Warwick the Kingmaker exploited political weakness for their own gain.
Losses in the Hundred Years’ War and financial mismanagement strained the crown’s resources.
Feuds between noble families led to private armies and open violence.
Events
First Phase (1455–1471)
The First Battle of St Albans
Major Yorkist victories at Towton and Barnet
Death of Warwick
Edward IV secures the throne.
Intermittent Peace (1471–1483)
Edward IV’s reign saw stability until his death.
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What were the Wars of the Roses?
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Note
The Wars of the Roses were a series of civil wars fought in England between 1455 and 1487. These conflicts were primarily between two rival branches of the royal House of Plantagenet: the House of Lancaster and the House of York.
The name 'Wars of the Roses' comes from the symbols associated with each house: the red rose for Lancaster and the white rose for York
The wars were fought over control of the English throne
The conflict lasted for over 30 years, with periods of peace and renewed fighting
DefinitionWars of the RosesA series of civil wars in England between 1455 and 1487, fought between the House of Lancaster and the House of York for control of the English throne.
AnalogyThink of the Wars of the Roses like a long-running family feud where two branches of the same family keep fighting over who should be in charge, with other families picking sides and getting involved.
