IB History Topic Soviet Domination Revision Notes (HL)

IB History Topic Soviet Domination Revision Notes (HL) | RevisionDojo

Soviet Dominance (1945–1949)

After WWII, the Red Army occupied much of Central and Eastern Europe.
Countries like Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, and East Germany came under Soviet influence.
Communist governments were installed through rigged elections, intimidation, and suppression of opposition.
Tito’s Yugoslavia resisted full Soviet control, pursuing an independent socialist path from 1948 after the Tito–Stalin split.

Tip

In Paper 3, emphasize how the Soviets consolidated control.
Use terms like Cominform (1947) and Comecon (1949).

Resistance to Soviet Domination (1953–1981)

East Germany, 1953: Workers’ uprising crushed by Soviet tanks.
Hungary, 1956: Imre Nagy attempted reforms and withdrawal from the Warsaw Pact but was crushed by Soviet invasion.
Czechoslovakia, 1968 (Prague Spring): Alexander Dubček promoted “socialism with a human face” ended by Warsaw Pact invasion.
Poland, 1980–81: Solidarity movement led by Lech Wałęsa. It was forced underground by martial law but survived.

Case study

The Warsaw Pact (1955-1991)

Context

A military alliance between the Soviet Union and seven Eastern Bloc countries: Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, and Romania.
Formed in May 1955 as a direct response to West Germany joining NATO.
Headquarters: Moscow.
Official aim: Collective defense if one member was attacked.
Real purpose: Cement Soviet control over Eastern Europe and coordinate military forces.

Key Features

All members had to follow Soviet military strategy.
The Soviet Union could station troops in member states.
Used as justification for military interventions
Seen in the West as the Eastern Bloc’s version of NATO.

Significance

Strengthened the division of Europe during the Cold War.
Gave the USSR a legal basis for keeping troops in Eastern Europe.
Used to suppress uprisings and maintain communist regimes.
Its collapse in 1991 symbolized the end of the Eastern Bloc.

Common Mistake

Don't treat the resistance as a one-time event. It was recurring and varied in form (protests, strikes, reforms).

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Definition

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Note

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Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

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Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

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Soviet Dominance (1945–1949)

After WWII, the Red Army occupied much of Central and Eastern Europe.
Countries like Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, and East Germany came under Soviet influence.
Communist governments were installed through rigged elections, intimidation, and suppression of opposition.
Tito’s Yugoslavia resisted full Soviet control, pursuing an independent socialist path from 1948 after the Tito–Stalin split.

Tip

In Paper 3, emphasize how the Soviets consolidated control.
Use terms like Cominform (1947) and Comecon (1949).

Resistance to Soviet Domination (1953–1981)

East Germany, 1953: Workers’ uprising crushed by Soviet tanks.
Hungary, 1956: Imre Nagy attempted reforms and withdrawal from the Warsaw Pact but was crushed by Soviet invasion.
Czechoslovakia, 1968 (Prague Spring): Alexander Dubček promoted “socialism with a human face” ended by Warsaw Pact invasion.
Poland, 1980–81: Solidarity movement led by Lech Wałęsa. It was forced underground by martial law but survived.

Case study

The Warsaw Pact (1955-1991)

Context

A military alliance between the Soviet Union and seven Eastern Bloc countries: Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, and Romania.
Formed in May 1955 as a direct response to West Germany joining NATO.
Headquarters: Moscow.
Official aim: Collective defense if one member was attacked.
Real purpose: Cement Soviet control over Eastern Europe and coordinate military forces.

Key Features

All members had to follow Soviet military strategy.
The Soviet Union could station troops in member states.
Used as justification for military interventions
Seen in the West as the Eastern Bloc’s version of NATO.

Significance

Strengthened the division of Europe during the Cold War.
Gave the USSR a legal basis for keeping troops in Eastern Europe.
Used to suppress uprisings and maintain communist regimes.
Its collapse in 1991 symbolized the end of the Eastern Bloc.

Common Mistake

Don't treat the resistance as a one-time event. It was recurring and varied in form (protests, strikes, reforms).

Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

Paper 1 - The Move to Global War6 subtopics

Paper 1 - Rights and Protest6 subtopics

Paper 1 - Conflict and Intervention6 subtopics

Paper 2 - Independence Movements5 subtopics

Paper 2 - Emergence and Development of Democratic States5 subtopics

Paper 2 - Authoritarian States7 subtopics

Paper 2 - Causes and Effects of 20th Century Wars4 subtopics

Paper 2 - The Cold War: Superpower Tensions and Rivalries4 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of Europe18 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of the Americas18 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of Asia and Oceania18 subtopics

IB History Soviet Domination Notes

Soviet Dominance (1945–1949)

Resistance to Soviet Domination (1953–1981)

The Warsaw Pact (1955-1991)

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Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

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Soviet Dominance (1945–1949)

Resistance to Soviet Domination (1953–1981)

The Warsaw Pact (1955-1991)

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

Paper 1 - The Move to Global War6 subtopics

Paper 1 - Rights and Protest6 subtopics

Paper 1 - Conflict and Intervention6 subtopics

Paper 2 - Independence Movements5 subtopics

Paper 2 - Emergence and Development of Democratic States5 subtopics

Paper 2 - Authoritarian States7 subtopics

Paper 2 - Causes and Effects of 20th Century Wars4 subtopics

Paper 2 - The Cold War: Superpower Tensions and Rivalries4 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of Europe18 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of the Americas18 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of Asia and Oceania18 subtopics