Notes for Cooperation & Protests (1945–1968): - IB | RevisionDojo
Cooperation & Protests (1945–1968): Notes
Support and Cooperation, Repression and Protest (1945–1968)
East Germany (GDR)
Many Germans initially accepted Soviet influence because it promised stability after WWII’s devastation.
The Socialist Unity Party (SED) was formed in 1946, merging communists and social democrats (under pressure from the Soviets).
Industrial nationalization and land reforms aimed to rebuild the economy.
Repression & Protest
In June 1953, workers protested against poor living standards and increased work quotas.
The protests spread across East Germany but were crushed by Soviet tanks and East German police.
The regime increased Stasi surveillance and restricted freedoms to prevent future uprisings.
Poland
Post-war communist government rebuilt industry and redistributed land to peasants.
Poland maintained strong Catholic traditions, which clashed with communist ideology
Repression & Protest
1956 Poznań Protests: Workers demanded better wages and political freedoms.
Władysław Gomułka returned to power, promising reforms.
Some freedoms were restored, but communism remained firmly in place.
1956 Hungarian Uprising
Hungary
Support & Cooperation
After WWII, communists gained power with Soviet support.
Land reforms and industrial growth initially pleased some citizens.
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What was the Socialist Unity Party (SED)?
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Note
After World War II, Eastern Europe underwent significant political and social transformations under Soviet influence. The Soviet Union established a sphere of influence in Eastern Europe, leading to the establishment of communist regimes across the region. This period was marked by a complex interplay of cooperation and repression, as local populations navigated the new political landscape.
The Soviet Union sought to create a buffer zone of friendly states in Eastern Europe
Communist parties were installed in power through a combination of political maneuvering and force
While some citizens initially supported the new regimes for promises of stability and modernization, others resisted the loss of political freedoms
AnalogyThink of the Soviet influence in Eastern Europe like a parent imposing strict rules on their children - some children might appreciate the structure, while others rebel against the lack of freedom.
DefinitionSoviet Sphere of InfluenceThe area of Eastern Europe where the Soviet Union exerted political, military, and economic control after World War II.
