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De-Stalinization
The political process initiated by Khrushchev after Stalin's death in 1953, involving the release of Gulag prisoners, rehabilitation of purge victims, partial relaxation of censorship (the Thaw), and the public denunciation of Stalin's crimes in the Secret Speech of February 1956. De-Stalinization had limits: Khrushchev maintained one-party rule and crushed the Hungarian Revolution in 1956. The term describes both specific policy changes and a broader shift in Soviet political culture away from mass terror.