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Collective defence
An agreement in which members promise to respond jointly when one member is attacked, as under Article 5 of the NATO treaty.
NORAD
The North American Aerospace Defense Command, established in 1958 as a joint US-Canadian military command responsible for monitoring and defending North American airspace against Soviet bomber and missile attack. NORAD integrated Canada deeply into US Cold War defence planning and symbolized the close but unequal military partnership between the two countries.
Organization of American States (OAS)
A regional intergovernmental body founded in 1948 to promote cooperation, democratic governance and collective security among the states of the western hemisphere. During the Cold War, the OAS largely served as a vehicle for US anti-communist policy, including the 1962 expulsion of Cuba. Critics argued it functioned more as an instrument of US hegemony than as a neutral multilateral organization.