Context: COPE (Community Outreach and Patient Empowerment) is a small NGO working with the Navajo Nation in the southwestern United States, one of the largest and most underserved Indigenous communities in North America, focusing on chronic illness, healthcare equity, and food sovereignty. The Navajo Nation faces some of the highest rates of type 2 diabetes, obesity, and food insecurity in the United States, driven by decades of federal neglect, forced dietary change, and the destruction of traditional food systems. This became a global politics case study because COPE illustrates how s
Context: China's extraordinary economic transformation since 1978 has produced the most significant poverty reduction in human history, lifting approximately 800 million people out of extreme poverty while becoming the world's second largest economy. However, this growth has come with substantial developmental costs including severe environmental degradation, rising inequality, suppression of political and civil rights, forced displacement, and the exploitation of migrant labour. The central tension in evaluating China's development is between its extraordinary material achievements and the