IB Digital Society 4.1B Home, Leisure, and Tourism Key Definitions

The idea that human attention is a scarce, valuable resource that platforms compete to capture and sell to advertisers, shaping media to be as engaging and hard to put down as possible.

A cycle in which the output of a system feeds back to affect its own input, either amplifying the change (reinforcing) or pushing back to keep the system steady (balancing).

Adding geographic location data, such as latitude and longitude, to a photo, post, or other piece of media so that it is tied to a specific place.

The extension of internet connectivity to everyday physical objects such as lights, watches, and sensors, so they can collect data and be monitored or controlled over the network.

The situation where a destination receives more visitors than it can sustainably handle, straining local residents, infrastructure, and the environment, often intensified by digital platforms that funnel crowds to the same popular spots.

A digital system that collects ratings and reviews from users to build a public score for a person, product, or service, used to signal trust and guide others' choices on a platform.

An economic model in which digital platforms let people rent, share, or access underused assets and services directly from one another, such as spare rooms, cars, or skills, rather than owning them outright.

A house equipped with devices connected to the internet.

Delivering audio or video over the internet so it plays in real time without being downloaded and kept. It shifts culture from owning copies of media to paying for access to it.

The systematic monitoring of people's behaviour, often through digital data, by a state or company, whether or not those being watched are aware of it.

A software agent that responds to voice or text commands to answer questions and carry out tasks, such as Siri or Alexa. It has no physical body, so it is an autonomous technology rather than a robot.