Deconstructing Multi-Component Products
- Break it into parts (e.g. handle, body, fasteners).
- Identify the material and likely manufacturing method used (e.g. injection moulding, casting, laser cutting).
- Consider why that method was used:
- Cost-effective?
- Stronger part?
- Faster to produce?
How Manufacturing Influences Design
| Influence Area | Examples |
|---|---|
| Function | Injection moulding allows complex geometries and built-in clips, enabling tool-less assembly. |
| Aesthetics | Die-cast metals give a smooth, uniform finish; 3D printing may show visible layer lines. |
| Material Selection | Some techniques only work with certain materials (e.g. blow moulding for plastics). |
| Assembly Method | Machining allows for screw threads, while welding creates permanent joints. |
| Design Limitations | Sharp corners may be difficult in moulds; large internal cavities may require extra supports in casting. |
- In a smartphone, the casing might be made using injection molding, while the circuit board is produced through PCB fabrication.
- Understanding these techniques helps designers optimize production.
The Role of Components in Assembly and Function
- Structural Components: Provide support and shape to the product (e.g., the frame of a bicycle).
- Functional Components: Perform specific tasks (e.g., the gears in a watch).
- Aesthetic Components: Enhance the product's appearance (e.g., the finish on a car).
- Think of a product as a puzzle.
- Each piece (component) has a unique shape (function) and fits into a specific spot (assembly) to complete the picture (product).
Deconstructing a Laptop
- Components:
- Chassis: Provides structural support and houses internal components.
- Motherboard: Contains the CPU, RAM, and other critical electronics.
- Battery: Powers the device.
- Display: Provides visual output.
- Manufacturing Techniques:
- Chassis: CNC machining or injection molding.
- Motherboard: PCB fabrication and surface-mount technology.
- Battery: Assembly of lithium-ion cells.
- Display: LCD or OLED manufacturing.
- Assembly:
- Screws and Clips: Secure components within the chassis.
- Connectors: Link the motherboard to the display and other parts.
Production Limitations
Definition
Product Limitation
The constraints on product design caused by manufacturing processes, materials, and technologies.
Types of Production Limitations
- Material Constraints
- Availability: Some materials may be scarce or expensive.
- Properties: Materials have specific characteristics, such as strength, flexibility, or weight, that influence design choices.
- Manufacturing Techniques
- Precision: Some techniques offer high precision, while others may result in variability.
