When designing or making a product, choosing the right manufacturing technique is critical.
Designers and manufacturers must weigh technical, economic, and environmental factors to select the most appropriate method.
Factor
Explanation
Example
Product Type
Is the product simple, complex, functional, aesthetic, or a mix? This affects required precision and finish.
A watch face needs intricate detailing → CNC machining
Material Type
Some processes suit metals, others plastics or composites. Material properties (e.g. melting point, brittleness) influence technique.
Thermoplastics can be injection moulded, but ceramics require casting
Scale of Production
One-off, batch, or mass production influences cost-efficiency and tool investment.
Mass production → injection moulding; One-off → 3D printing
Production System
The wider system (e.g. assembly line, automation, CIM) must support the selected technique.
CIM system integrates robotic arms and laser cutters for car parts
Cost Constraints
Budget affects tooling, labour, and materials. High-volume automation may have higher upfront costs but lower per-unit costs.
Laser cutting may be cheaper than machining for sheet parts
Environmental Considerations
Energy use, material waste, and recyclability of the method all matter.
3D printing reduces waste compared to subtractive techniques
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What are the three types of factors designers must consider when choosing manufacturing techniques?
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Note
Introduction to Manufacturing Technique Selection
Choosing the right manufacturing technique is crucial in product design and production.
Involves balancing technical, economic, and environmental factors.
DefinitionManufacturing TechniqueA specific method or process used to transform raw materials into a finished product.
AnalogyThink of choosing a manufacturing technique like choosing a cooking method - frying, baking, or steaming - each suits different ingredients and desired outcomes.
ExampleFor a high-precision product like a smartphone, techniques like CNC machining and laser cutting are preferred.
NoteDifferent products may require multiple techniques for different parts.