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Array
A fixed-size, ordered collection of elements that all share the same data type. Each element is reached by an integer index that starts at 0, and the length is set when the array is created.
List
An ordered, resizable collection of elements whose length can change while the program runs. Python provides it as the built-in list, and Java provides it as the ArrayList class.
Traversal
Visiting every element of a data structure in order, once each. A for-each loop traverses a list without needing an index, while a counted loop traverses it by index.