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Abstraction
Abstraction is the process of hiding implementation details and exposing only the essential features of an object.
Encapsulation
The practice of putting the data describing something and the methods that act on that data inside a single class.
Inheritance
Inheritance is a fundamental concept in object-oriented programming (OOP) that allows a class (subclass/child) to reuse and extend the attributes and methods of another class (superclass/parent).
Object-oriented programming (OOP)
A paradigm that builds a program out of objects, each one bundling the data describing something with the operations that act on that data.
Polymorphism
Polymorphism means “many forms” - the ability of objects to take on different forms depending on context.