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Clustering
Clustering is a technique used to group a set of objects so that objects in the same group (or cluster) are more similar to each other than to those in other groups.
Online analytical processing (OLAP)
Online analytical processing (OLAP) is the analysis of historical data already held in a data warehouse, organised into pre-aggregated multidimensional views so the same measure can be summarised along dimensions such as time, region and product.
Online transaction processing (OLTP)
Online transaction processing (OLTP) is the processing of the many small individual transactions that run an organisation day to day, such as recording a single sale, where each write must complete in milliseconds.