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Network segmentation
Network segmentation is the division of one network into smaller sections, so that traffic passing between sections must cross a boundary where rules decide what is allowed through.
Subnet mask
A subnet mask splits an IP address into a network portion, which is the same for every device in the subnet, and a host portion, which identifies the individual device. Its length sets how many subnets exist and how many hosts each one holds.
Virtual local area network (VLAN)
A virtual local area network (VLAN) is a logical network made by grouping switch ports, so the devices on those ports behave as one network whatever their physical location. Traffic between two VLANs has to pass through a router.