IB Chemistry Topic R3.4.7 Lewis Acid-base Reaction Revision Notes (HL)

IB Chemistry Topic R3.4.7 Lewis Acid-base Reaction Revision Notes (HL) | RevisionDojo

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Lewis Acid–Base Reactions: Coordination Bond Formation

When a Lewis base reacts with a Lewis acid, the base donates a lone pair into an empty orbital on the acid, forming a coordination (dative) bond.
A classic example is the reaction between ammonia ($NH_3$) and boron trifluoride ($BF_3$).
The players:
1. $NH_3$ is a Lewis base with a lone pair on nitrogen.
2. $BF_3$ is a Lewis acid because boron is electron-deficient (it has an incomplete octet).
The interaction:
1. The lone pair on nitrogen is donated to the empty $2p_z$ orbital on boron.
2. This forms a coordination bond, giving $F_3B \to NH_3$, where the arrow shows the direction of electron-pair donation.

Representing the Reaction with Lewis Formulas

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Lewis Acid–Base Reactions: Coordination Bond Formation

When a Lewis base reacts with a Lewis acid, the base donates a lone pair into an empty orbital on the acid, forming a coordination (dative) bond.
A classic example is the reaction between ammonia ($NH_3$) and boron trifluoride ($BF_3$).
The players:
1. $NH_3$ is a Lewis base with a lone pair on nitrogen.
2. $BF_3$ is a Lewis acid because boron is electron-deficient (it has an incomplete octet).
The interaction:
1. The lone pair on nitrogen is donated to the empty $2p_z$ orbital on boron.
2. This forms a coordination bond, giving $F_3B \to NH_3$, where the arrow shows the direction of electron-pair donation.

Representing the Reaction with Lewis Formulas

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Structure 1. Models of the particulate nature of matter5 subtopics

Structure 2. Models of bonding and structure4 subtopics

Structure 3. Classification of matter2 subtopics

Reactivity 1. What drives chemical reactions?4 subtopics

Reactivity 2. How much, how fast and how far?3 subtopics

Reactivity 3. What are the mechanisms of chemical change?4 subtopics

IB Chemistry R3.4.7 Lewis Acid-base Reaction Notes

Structure 1. Models of the particulate nature of matter5 subtopics

Structure 2. Models of bonding and structure4 subtopics

Structure 3. Classification of matter2 subtopics

Reactivity 1. What drives chemical reactions?4 subtopics

Reactivity 2. How much, how fast and how far?3 subtopics

Reactivity 3. What are the mechanisms of chemical change?4 subtopics

Lewis Acid–Base Reactions: Coordination Bond Formation

Representing the Reaction with Lewis Formulas

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Lewis Acid–Base Reactions: Coordination Bond Formation

Representing the Reaction with Lewis Formulas

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Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

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