Notes for D3.2.1 Production of haploid gametes in parents - IB | RevisionDojo
D3.2.1 Production of haploid gametes in parents Notes
Production of Haploid Gametes and Formation of a Diploid Zygote
In sexual reproduction, parents contribute half of their genetic material to offspring through gametes.
This ensures that the resulting zygote has the correct chromosome number:
Gametes are Haploid: Each gamete contains one chromosome of each type (n), whether it comes from the male (sperm) or female (egg).
Zygotes are Diploid: When male and female gametes fuse during fertilization, their chromosome number doubles, forming a zygote with two sets of chromosomes (2n).
Gamete
Meiosis Creates Haploid Gametes
Parents halve the chromosome number of their body cells (diploid) to form haploid gametes through meiosis.
This process ensures the accurate distribution of genetic material to offspring.
Diploid Cells Begin with Two Copies of Each Chromosome: For example, a diploid human cell has 46 chromosomes (23 pairs).
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Questions
Recap questions
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Question 1
Recap question
A species has a diploid chromosome number of 2n=10. What are the chromosome numbers in its gametes and in a zygote formed by self-fertilization?
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Note
In sexual reproduction, specialized cells called gametes are produced by parents. These gametes contain half the genetic material of regular body cells.
Haploid gametes contain a single set of chromosomes (n)
Diploid zygotes contain two sets of chromosomes (2n)
DefinitionGametesSpecialized reproductive cells that contain half the usual number of chromosomes
AnalogyThink of gametes like puzzle pieces - each parent provides half the pieces needed to complete the whole picture.
