IB Biology Topic C2.1.13 Effects of the Hormones Oestradiol and Progesterone on Target Cells Revision Notes (HL)

IB Biology Topic C2.1.13 Effects of the Hormones Oestradiol and Progesterone on Target Cells Revision Notes (HL) | RevisionDojo

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Oestradiol and Progesterone Switch On Genes Inside Their Target Cells

Both oestradiol (an oestrogen) and progesterone are lipophilic steroid hormones.
Because they are lipid-soluble, they diffuse across the plasma membrane and bind intracellular receptors, and the hormone-receptor complex acts as a transcription factor to change gene expression (the general mechanism is covered in C2.1.12).
Each hormone acts on specific target cells that carry its receptor, so the same signal produces different effects in different tissues.

Tip

Steroid hormones cross the membrane freely because they are lipid-soluble.
This is why their receptors sit inside the cell, not on its surface.

Oestradiol Drives Growth of the Uterine Lining and Sexual Characteristics

Definition

Oestradiol

A form of estrogen that promotes the growth of the uterine lining (endometrium) and regulates FSH and LH via feedback loops.

Oestradiol is a steroid hormone produced mainly in the ovaries.
Its main target cells are in the endometrium (uterine lining) and in tissues that show secondary sexual characteristics.
Thickening and repairing the endometrium
1. In endometrial cells oestradiol switches on genes that drive cell division, so the lining thickens and repairs after menstruation.
2. This rebuilds the lining during the proliferative phase, ready for a possible pregnancy.
Driving secondary sexual characteristics

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Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

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Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

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Oestradiol and Progesterone Switch On Genes Inside Their Target Cells

Both oestradiol (an oestrogen) and progesterone are lipophilic steroid hormones.
Because they are lipid-soluble, they diffuse across the plasma membrane and bind intracellular receptors, and the hormone-receptor complex acts as a transcription factor to change gene expression (the general mechanism is covered in C2.1.12).
Each hormone acts on specific target cells that carry its receptor, so the same signal produces different effects in different tissues.

Tip

Steroid hormones cross the membrane freely because they are lipid-soluble.
This is why their receptors sit inside the cell, not on its surface.

Oestradiol Drives Growth of the Uterine Lining and Sexual Characteristics

Definition

Oestradiol

A form of estrogen that promotes the growth of the uterine lining (endometrium) and regulates FSH and LH via feedback loops.

Oestradiol is a steroid hormone produced mainly in the ovaries.
Its main target cells are in the endometrium (uterine lining) and in tissues that show secondary sexual characteristics.
Thickening and repairing the endometrium
1. In endometrial cells oestradiol switches on genes that drive cell division, so the lining thickens and repairs after menstruation.
2. This rebuilds the lining during the proliferative phase, ready for a possible pregnancy.
Driving secondary sexual characteristics

Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

A - Unity and Diversity9 subtopics

B - Form and Function10 subtopics

C - Interaction and Interdependence9 subtopics

D - Continuity and Change12 subtopics

IB Biology Topic C2.1.13: Effects of the Hormones Oestradiol and Progesterone on Target Cells Notes

Oestradiol and Progesterone Switch On Genes Inside Their Target Cells

Oestradiol Drives Growth of the Uterine Lining and Sexual Characteristics

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

Oestradiol and Progesterone Switch On Genes Inside Their Target Cells

Oestradiol Drives Growth of the Uterine Lining and Sexual Characteristics

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

A - Unity and Diversity9 subtopics

B - Form and Function10 subtopics

C - Interaction and Interdependence9 subtopics

D - Continuity and Change12 subtopics