IB Biology Topic C1.1.3 Anabolic and Catabolic Reactions Revision Notes (SL/HL)

IB Biology Topic C1.1.3 Anabolic and Catabolic Reactions Revision Notes (SL/HL) | RevisionDojo

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Anabolism and Catabolism: Building Up and Breaking Down

The reactions of metabolism fall into two opposite types.
1. Anabolic reactions build larger molecules from smaller ones and require an input of energy.
2. Catabolic reactions break larger molecules into smaller ones and release energy.

Common Mistake

Do not confuse condensation and hydrolysis.
Condensation joins molecules and releases water, so it is anabolic.
Hydrolysis uses water to break bonds, so it is catabolic.

Anabolism: Joining Small Molecules by Condensation

Definition

Anabolic Reactions

Anabolic reactions are metabolic processes in which smaller molecules are built into larger, more complex molecules using energy.

Anabolic reactions build complex molecules from simpler ones, using energy supplied by ATP.
They are usually condensation reactions, which release a water molecule each time two subunits are joined.

Protein Synthesis: Amino Acids Into Polypeptides

Amino acids are joined together by ribosomes to form polypeptides.
Each peptide bond is made by a condensation reaction that releases one water molecule.
The finished polypeptide folds into a functional protein.

Example

Insulin is a protein hormone built by joining amino acids in a set sequence.
Once made, it helps regulate blood sugar levels.

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Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

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Anabolism and Catabolism: Building Up and Breaking Down

The reactions of metabolism fall into two opposite types.
1. Anabolic reactions build larger molecules from smaller ones and require an input of energy.
2. Catabolic reactions break larger molecules into smaller ones and release energy.

Common Mistake

Do not confuse condensation and hydrolysis.
Condensation joins molecules and releases water, so it is anabolic.
Hydrolysis uses water to break bonds, so it is catabolic.

Anabolism: Joining Small Molecules by Condensation

Definition

Anabolic Reactions

Anabolic reactions are metabolic processes in which smaller molecules are built into larger, more complex molecules using energy.

Anabolic reactions build complex molecules from simpler ones, using energy supplied by ATP.
They are usually condensation reactions, which release a water molecule each time two subunits are joined.

Protein Synthesis: Amino Acids Into Polypeptides

Amino acids are joined together by ribosomes to form polypeptides.
Each peptide bond is made by a condensation reaction that releases one water molecule.
The finished polypeptide folds into a functional protein.

Example

Insulin is a protein hormone built by joining amino acids in a set sequence.
Once made, it helps regulate blood sugar levels.

Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

A - Unity and Diversity9 subtopics

B - Form and Function10 subtopics

C - Interaction and Interdependence9 subtopics

D - Continuity and Change12 subtopics

IB Biology Topic C1.1.3: Anabolic and Catabolic Reactions Notes

A - Unity and Diversity9 subtopics

B - Form and Function10 subtopics

C - Interaction and Interdependence9 subtopics

D - Continuity and Change12 subtopics

Anabolism and Catabolism: Building Up and Breaking Down

Anabolism: Joining Small Molecules by Condensation

Protein Synthesis: Amino Acids Into Polypeptides

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

Anabolism and Catabolism: Building Up and Breaking Down

Anabolism: Joining Small Molecules by Condensation

Protein Synthesis: Amino Acids Into Polypeptides

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account