Notes for C1.1.4 Enzymes as globular proteins with an active site for catalysis - IB | RevisionDojo
C1.1.4 Enzymes as globular proteins with an active site for catalysis Notes
Enzymes as Globular Proteins with an Active Site for Catalysis
Enzymes are globular proteins that fold into a compact, spherical shape.
This three-dimensional structure is essential for their function.
Active site
How the Active Site is Formed
Although the active site is made up of only a few amino acids, its formation depends on the enzyme’s overall three-dimensional structure.
The polypeptide chain of the enzyme folds in a specific way, bringing these amino acids together to form the active site.
Example
In the enzyme sucrase isomaltase, the active site is formed by twelve amino acids.
These amino acids are not adjacent in the polypeptide chain but are brought together through folding.
Why the Three-Dimensional Structure Matters
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Questions
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Question 1
Recap question
Which statement best captures the advantage of the induced-fit model over the lock-and-key model in enzyme catalysis?
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Note
Introduction to Enzymes
Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions without being consumed in the process.
They are essential for almost all biochemical reactions in living organisms, from digestion to DNA replication.
AnalogyThink of enzymes as assembly line workers in a factory. They help speed up the production process without being used up themselves.
DefinitionEnzymeA protein that acts as a biological catalyst, speeding up chemical reactions without being consumed.
ExampleWithout enzymes, the breakdown of glucose in our cells would take years instead of seconds!
