IB Biology Topic A2.2.14 Evolution of Multicellularity Revision Notes (HL)

IB Biology Topic A2.2.14 Evolution of Multicellularity Revision Notes (HL) | RevisionDojo

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Multicellular Organisms Benefit from Cellular Cooperation

Definition

Multicellularity

Multicellularity refers to organisms composed of multiple cells functioning together as a single unit.

In a multicellular organism, cells cooperate and specialize, and typically cannot survive independently.
Multicellularity has evolved multiple times independently in animals, fungi and plants, an example of convergent evolution.

Hint

These repeated independent origins suggest the benefits of multicellularity outweigh its challenges.

Multicellularity Brings Three Main Advantages

Larger body size
1. Predator avoidance: larger size deters smaller predators.
2. Resource access: greater size improves access to sunlight or prey.
3. Environmental stability: larger bodies buffer against changes in temperature or moisture.
Cell specialization and division of labour

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Note

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Tip

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Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

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Multicellular Organisms Benefit from Cellular Cooperation

Definition

Multicellularity

Multicellularity refers to organisms composed of multiple cells functioning together as a single unit.

In a multicellular organism, cells cooperate and specialize, and typically cannot survive independently.
Multicellularity has evolved multiple times independently in animals, fungi and plants, an example of convergent evolution.

Hint

These repeated independent origins suggest the benefits of multicellularity outweigh its challenges.

Multicellularity Brings Three Main Advantages

Larger body size
1. Predator avoidance: larger size deters smaller predators.
2. Resource access: greater size improves access to sunlight or prey.
3. Environmental stability: larger bodies buffer against changes in temperature or moisture.
Cell specialization and division of labour

Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

A - Unity and Diversity9 subtopics

B - Form and Function10 subtopics

C - Interaction and Interdependence9 subtopics

D - Continuity and Change12 subtopics

IB Biology Topic A2.2.14: Evolution of Multicellularity Notes

A - Unity and Diversity9 subtopics

B - Form and Function10 subtopics

C - Interaction and Interdependence9 subtopics

D - Continuity and Change12 subtopics

Multicellular Organisms Benefit from Cellular Cooperation

Multicellularity Brings Three Main Advantages

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

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Multicellular Organisms Benefit from Cellular Cooperation

Multicellularity Brings Three Main Advantages

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

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