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Codon
A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides in DNA or RNA that specifies a particular amino acid or a start/stop signal during protein synthesis.
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
A double-stranded molecule that stores and transmits genetic information in living organisms.
Gene
A gene is a segment of DNA that contains the instructions for producing a specific protein or RNA molecule. These instructions determine the traits and functions of an organism.
Genome
The genome is the complete set of genetic instructions that determines the structure, function, and traits of an organism.
Nitrogenous base
A nitrogen-containing organic molecule that participates in hydrogen bonding and carries coding information in nucleotides.
Phosphodiester bond
A phosphodiester bond is a covalent bond formed between nucleotides in a nucleic acid chain via condensation.
RNA (Ribonucleic Acid)
RNA is a single-stranded nucleic acid that plays a key role in coding, decoding, regulation, and expression of genetic information.