Defining Anxiety in Sports Psychology
Anxiety is a complex psychological and physiological state characterized by feelings of tension, worried thoughts, and physical changes in response to perceived threats or challenges. In sports, it's particularly important to understand anxiety as it can significantly impact athletic performance.
Key Components of Anxiety
1. Cognitive Component
- Worried thoughts and negative expectations
- Self-doubt and concerns about performance
- Fear of failure or negative evaluation
- Racing thoughts about potential outcomes
2. Somatic Component
- Physical manifestations of anxiety
- Increased heart rate
- Sweating
- Muscle tension
- Butterflies in stomach
- Changes in breathing patterns
The distinction between cognitive and somatic anxiety is crucial as athletes may experience one or both types, and each may require different management strategies.
Types of Anxiety in Sports
State Anxiety
- Temporary emotional state
- Situation-specific response
- Intensity varies based on perceived threat
- Can fluctuate during competition
