IB Psychology Topic Role of Communication Revision Notes (SL/HL)

IB Psychology Topic Role of Communication Revision Notes (SL/HL) | RevisionDojo

Types of Communication

Communication in relationships falls into two main categories: verbal and non-verbal. Both are essential, though research suggests non-verbal cues often carry more meaning than words alone.

Verbal Communication
1. Verbal communication uses spoken or written words to convey meaning.
2. Key components include tone of voice, word choice, and clarity of expression. For instance, a thoughtful apology can repair trust that months of silence would erode.

Example

A partner expressing feelings of love and appreciation directly through words.
A friend apologising for a mistake and explaining their actions.

Non-Verbal Communication
1. Non-verbal communication conveys meaning through body language, facial expressions, gestures, and eye contact.
2. It often communicates more than words. Crossed arms, averted gaze, or a warm smile all carry relational meaning.

Example

A partner showing affection through a hug or smile.
A friend expressing empathy through attentive posture and eye contact.

Active Listening

Active listening is the discipline of fully focusing on a speaker, understanding their message, and responding in a way that shows genuine engagement, not simply waiting for the chance to speak.
Components of Active Listening
1. Paying attention: Being fully present and eliminating distractions.
2. Reflecting: Paraphrasing or summarising the speaker's message to confirm understanding.
3. Responding: Providing feedback or asking clarifying questions to show genuine engagement.

Example

A partner listening to their significant other's concerns and paraphrasing back: "So you feel unheard when I check my phone at dinner, is that right?"
A friend asking clarifying questions rather than jumping to advice: "What kind of support are you looking for right now?"

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Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Nemo enim ipsam voluptatem quia voluptas sit aspernatur aut odit aut fugit, sed quia consequuntur magni dolores eos qui ratione voluptatem sequi nesciunt. Neque porro quisquam est, qui dolorem ipsum quia dolor sit amet, consectetur, adipisci velit.

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

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Types of Communication

Communication in relationships falls into two main categories: verbal and non-verbal. Both are essential, though research suggests non-verbal cues often carry more meaning than words alone.

Verbal Communication
1. Verbal communication uses spoken or written words to convey meaning.
2. Key components include tone of voice, word choice, and clarity of expression. For instance, a thoughtful apology can repair trust that months of silence would erode.

Example

A partner expressing feelings of love and appreciation directly through words.
A friend apologising for a mistake and explaining their actions.

Non-Verbal Communication
1. Non-verbal communication conveys meaning through body language, facial expressions, gestures, and eye contact.
2. It often communicates more than words. Crossed arms, averted gaze, or a warm smile all carry relational meaning.

Example

A partner showing affection through a hug or smile.
A friend expressing empathy through attentive posture and eye contact.

Active Listening

Active listening is the discipline of fully focusing on a speaker, understanding their message, and responding in a way that shows genuine engagement, not simply waiting for the chance to speak.
Components of Active Listening
1. Paying attention: Being fully present and eliminating distractions.
2. Reflecting: Paraphrasing or summarising the speaker's message to confirm understanding.
3. Responding: Providing feedback or asking clarifying questions to show genuine engagement.

Example

A partner listening to their significant other's concerns and paraphrasing back: "So you feel unheard when I check my phone at dinner, is that right?"
A friend asking clarifying questions rather than jumping to advice: "What kind of support are you looking for right now?"

Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

Biological Approach4 subtopics

Cognitive Approach4 subtopics

Sociocultural Approach4 subtopics

Option 1: Abnormal Psychology3 subtopics

Option 2: Developmental Psychology3 subtopics

Option 3: Health Psychology3 subtopics

Option 4: Human Relationships3 subtopics

IB Psychology Role of Communication Notes

Biological Approach4 subtopics

Cognitive Approach4 subtopics

Sociocultural Approach4 subtopics

Option 1: Abnormal Psychology3 subtopics

Option 2: Developmental Psychology3 subtopics

Option 3: Health Psychology3 subtopics

Option 4: Human Relationships3 subtopics

Types of Communication

Active Listening

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

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Types of Communication

Active Listening

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account