IB Psychology Topic Empathy and Theory of Mind Revision Notes (SL/HL)

IB Psychology Topic Empathy and Theory of Mind Revision Notes (SL/HL) | RevisionDojo

Written by official IB examiners

Understanding others' minds develops through childhood, shaped by brain development, cognitive growth, and cultural context.

Theory of mind (ToM) is the understanding that others have beliefs, desires, knowledge, and intentions that differ from one's own.
Baron-Cohen et al. (1985) used the Sally-Anne task to test whether children understand that people can hold false beliefs different from reality.
In the Sally-Anne test, a child watches one character place an object in a location, then sees it moved while that character is absent; children predict where the character will look for the object.
Most children pass false belief tasks by age 4 to 5, indicating developing theory of mind.

Common Mistake

Failure on false belief tasks may reflect language or memory demands rather than absent ToM.
Some children show ToM understanding in simpler or non-verbal tasks before passing standard false belief tests.

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Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

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Understanding others' minds develops through childhood, shaped by brain development, cognitive growth, and cultural context.

Theory of mind (ToM) is the understanding that others have beliefs, desires, knowledge, and intentions that differ from one's own.
Baron-Cohen et al. (1985) used the Sally-Anne task to test whether children understand that people can hold false beliefs different from reality.
In the Sally-Anne test, a child watches one character place an object in a location, then sees it moved while that character is absent; children predict where the character will look for the object.
Most children pass false belief tasks by age 4 to 5, indicating developing theory of mind.

Common Mistake

Failure on false belief tasks may reflect language or memory demands rather than absent ToM.
Some children show ToM understanding in simpler or non-verbal tasks before passing standard false belief tests.

Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

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Biological Approach4 subtopics

Cognitive Approach4 subtopics

Sociocultural Approach4 subtopics

Option 1: Abnormal Psychology3 subtopics

Option 2: Developmental Psychology3 subtopics

Option 3: Health Psychology3 subtopics

Option 4: Human Relationships3 subtopics

IB Psychology Empathy and Theory of Mind Notes

Biological Approach4 subtopics

Cognitive Approach4 subtopics

Sociocultural Approach4 subtopics

Option 1: Abnormal Psychology3 subtopics

Option 2: Developmental Psychology3 subtopics

Option 3: Health Psychology3 subtopics

Option 4: Human Relationships3 subtopics

Understanding others' minds develops through childhood, shaped by brain development, cognitive growth, and cultural context.

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

Understanding others' minds develops through childhood, shaped by brain development, cognitive growth, and cultural context.

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account