2.1.5 Diathesis-Stress Model Notes

Diathesis-Stress Model

1. The Diathesis-Stress Model explains mental disorders as the result of a combination of a pre-existing vulnerability (diathesis) and environmental stressors (stress).

Key Concepts

1. Diathesis : Refers to a biological or psychological vulnerability, such as genetic predisposition or early childhood experiences.
2. Stress : Involves external pressures or life events, such as trauma, loss, or chronic stress.
3. Interaction : The model suggests that individuals with a high diathesis require less stress to develop a disorder, while those with low diathesis need more significant stressors. It is never just the vulnerability or stress that cause the disorder alone, it is instead usually a combination of both factors.

Critical Thinking

1. Strengths:
   1. Comprehensive : Integrates both biological and environmental factors , providing a more holistic understanding of mental disorders.
   2. Practical Applications : Informs preventive strategies by identifying high-risk individuals who may benefit from early interventions.
2. Limitations:
   1. Complexity : The interaction between diathesis and stress is difficult to measure and predict.
   2. Assumptions : Assumes that everyone has the same threshold to develop a mental health disorder. Some people may be triggered by one event, whereas others may be able to take on more stress.

Exam Tips

1. Application : Use the diathesis-stress model to explain why not all individuals with a genetic predisposition develop a disorder.
2. Critical Thinking : Discuss the limitations of focusing solely on genetics or environment, emphasizing the importance of interactionist approaches.
3. Evaluation : Highlight the model's practical implications for early intervention and preventive measures in mental health care.