IB Physics Topic D.4.2 Applications of Electromagnetic Induction Revision Notes (HL)

IB Physics Topic D.4.2 Applications of Electromagnetic Induction Revision Notes (HL) | RevisionDojo

Written by official IB examiners

How Does a Rotating Coil Generate EMF?

Consider a coil rotating in a magnetic field.
As it rotates, the magnetic flux through the coil changes, inducing an emf according to Faraday’s law.

Tip

The induced emf is proportional to the rate of change of magnetic flux.

Mathematical Description of Sinusoidal EMF

For a coil of N turns and area A rotating in a uniform field B with angular velocity $\omega$, the flux through one turn is $\Phi = BA\cos(\omega t)$, so the flux linkage is $N\Phi = NBA\cos(\omega t)$.
The induced emf is the negative rate of change of flux linkage: $$\varepsilon = -N\frac{d\Phi}{dt} = NBA\omega\sin(\omega t)$$
This equation describes a sinusoidal emf, which oscillates between positive and negative values.

Note

The peak emf is given by $\varepsilon_0=NBA\omega$, and the emf varies as $\varepsilon =\varepsilon_0 \sin(\omega t)$.

Why Sinusoidal?

The sinusoidal nature arises because the flux changes cyclically as the coil rotates.
When the coil is perpendicular to the field, the flux is maximum (but the rate of change is zero), resulting in zero emf.
When the coil is parallel to the field, the flux is zero, but the rate of change is maximum, producing maximum emf.

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IB Physics D.4.2 Applications of Electromagnetic Induction Notes

IB Physics D.4.2 Applications of Electromagnetic Induction Notes

How Does a Rotating Coil Generate EMF?

Mathematical Description of Sinusoidal EMF

Why Sinusoidal?

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How Does a Rotating Coil Generate EMF?

Mathematical Description of Sinusoidal EMF

Why Sinusoidal?

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IB Physics D.4.2 Applications of Electromagnetic Induction Notes

Topic A - Space, time and motion5 subtopics

Topic B - The particulate nature of matter5 subtopics

Topic C - Wave behaviour5 subtopics

Topic D - Fields4 subtopics

Topic E - Nuclear and quantum physics5 subtopics

IB Physics D.4.2 Applications of Electromagnetic Induction Notes

Topic A - Space, time and motion5 subtopics

Topic B - The particulate nature of matter5 subtopics

Topic C - Wave behaviour5 subtopics

Topic D - Fields4 subtopics

Topic E - Nuclear and quantum physics5 subtopics

How Does a Rotating Coil Generate EMF?

Mathematical Description of Sinusoidal EMF

Why Sinusoidal?

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Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

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How Does a Rotating Coil Generate EMF?

Mathematical Description of Sinusoidal EMF

Why Sinusoidal?

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

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