IB History Topic Lyndon B Johnson Revision Notes (SL/HL)

IB History Topic Lyndon B Johnson Revision Notes (SL/HL) | RevisionDojo

Lyndon B. Johnson and the Civil Rights Movement

Former Senate Majority Leader from Texas, who in the 1950s often opposed or weakened civil rights legislation.
After becoming president in 1963, he emerged as a central figure in civil rights reform.

Note

Why did LBJ initially oppose the Civil Rights Movement?

As a Texas senator, Johnson represented a Southern constituency where segregation and racial prejudice were deeply ingrained.
Supporting civil rights early in his career could have alienated voters and allies in the Democratic South, which was staunchly pro-segregation at the time.
Johnson was a pragmatic politician focused on climbing the political ladder.
Taking a strong stance on civil rights during the 1940s and 1950s could have jeopardized his national aspirations within a party that relied heavily on the “Solid South.”
As Senate Majority Leader in the 1950s, Johnson often prioritized maintaining unity and control in the Senate over pushing divisive issues like civil rights.
He worked behind the scenes to weaken or slow civil rights legislation to avoid conflict with powerful Southern senators.
Johnson reportedly used racial epithets in private, and some biographers argue that he held personal biases that made him reluctant to champion civil rights reforms until later in life.
Once he became president, Johnson shifted his position driven by a desire to leave a lasting legacy, his admiration for Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal vision, and the growing national demand for justice.
This transformation led to his crucial role in passing the Civil Rights Act (1964), Voting Rights Act (1965), and Fair Housing Act (1968).

Early Roles and Influence

Began his career as a teacher for Mexican-American students in segregated Texas schools.
Led the National Youth Administration (NYA) in Texas during the Great Depression, shaping his views on poverty and government intervention.
Later recalled NYA experience as formative in shaping his empathy for the disadvantaged, saying: “Somehow you never forget what poverty and hatred can do when you see its scars on the hopeful face of a young child.”

Commitment to Social Welfare

His early roles as teacher and NYA administrator were crucial in shaping a lifelong commitment to social welfare, education, and racial equity.

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Note

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Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

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Lyndon B. Johnson and the Civil Rights Movement

Former Senate Majority Leader from Texas, who in the 1950s often opposed or weakened civil rights legislation.
After becoming president in 1963, he emerged as a central figure in civil rights reform.

Note

Why did LBJ initially oppose the Civil Rights Movement?

As a Texas senator, Johnson represented a Southern constituency where segregation and racial prejudice were deeply ingrained.
Supporting civil rights early in his career could have alienated voters and allies in the Democratic South, which was staunchly pro-segregation at the time.
Johnson was a pragmatic politician focused on climbing the political ladder.
Taking a strong stance on civil rights during the 1940s and 1950s could have jeopardized his national aspirations within a party that relied heavily on the “Solid South.”
As Senate Majority Leader in the 1950s, Johnson often prioritized maintaining unity and control in the Senate over pushing divisive issues like civil rights.
He worked behind the scenes to weaken or slow civil rights legislation to avoid conflict with powerful Southern senators.
Johnson reportedly used racial epithets in private, and some biographers argue that he held personal biases that made him reluctant to champion civil rights reforms until later in life.
Once he became president, Johnson shifted his position driven by a desire to leave a lasting legacy, his admiration for Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal vision, and the growing national demand for justice.
This transformation led to his crucial role in passing the Civil Rights Act (1964), Voting Rights Act (1965), and Fair Housing Act (1968).

Early Roles and Influence

Began his career as a teacher for Mexican-American students in segregated Texas schools.
Led the National Youth Administration (NYA) in Texas during the Great Depression, shaping his views on poverty and government intervention.
Later recalled NYA experience as formative in shaping his empathy for the disadvantaged, saying: “Somehow you never forget what poverty and hatred can do when you see its scars on the hopeful face of a young child.”

Commitment to Social Welfare

His early roles as teacher and NYA administrator were crucial in shaping a lifelong commitment to social welfare, education, and racial equity.

Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

Paper 1 - The Move to Global War6 subtopics

Paper 1 - Rights and Protest6 subtopics

Paper 1 - Conflict and Intervention6 subtopics

Paper 2 - Independence Movements5 subtopics

Paper 2 - Emergence and Development of Democratic States5 subtopics

Paper 2 - Authoritarian States7 subtopics

Paper 2 - Causes and Effects of 20th Century Wars4 subtopics

Paper 2 - The Cold War: Superpower Tensions and Rivalries4 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of Europe18 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of the Americas18 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of Asia and Oceania18 subtopics

IB History Lyndon B Johnson Notes

Paper 1 - The Move to Global War6 subtopics

Paper 1 - Rights and Protest6 subtopics

Paper 1 - Conflict and Intervention6 subtopics

Paper 2 - Independence Movements5 subtopics

Paper 2 - Emergence and Development of Democratic States5 subtopics

Paper 2 - Authoritarian States7 subtopics

Paper 2 - Causes and Effects of 20th Century Wars4 subtopics

Paper 2 - The Cold War: Superpower Tensions and Rivalries4 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of Europe18 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of the Americas18 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of Asia and Oceania18 subtopics

Lyndon B. Johnson and the Civil Rights Movement

Early Roles and Influence

Commitment to Social Welfare

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

Lyndon B. Johnson and the Civil Rights Movement

Early Roles and Influence

Commitment to Social Welfare

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account