Notes for West Germany (1963–1990) - IB | RevisionDojo
West Germany (1963–1990) Notes
Domestic Policies (1963–1990)
Ludwig Erhard (1963–1966)
Continued the Social Market Economy
Focused on steady growth, but faced recession in 1966.
Grand Coalition (1966–1969)
Led by Kurt Georg Kiesinger
Introduced emergency laws allowing more federal power during crises.
Willy Brandt (1969–1974)
Social reforms in education, housing, and welfare
Launched Ostpolitik, easing relations with East Germany.
Helmut Schmidt (1974–1982)
Managed oil crisis
Focused on NATO commitments and anti-terrorism laws.
Helmut Kohl (1982–1990)
Conservative economic policy
Reduced public spending
Oversaw reunification in 1990.
The Baader-Meinhof Group / Red Army Faction (RAF)
Left-wing extremist group active from 1970s–1990s.
Opposed capitalism, US influence, and West German political structure.
Used bombings, kidnappings, and assassinations (e.g., 1977 “German Autumn” killing of industrialist Hanns Martin Schleyer).
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What economic model did Ludwig Erhard continue?
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Note
After World War II, Germany was divided into two separate states: West Germany (Federal Republic of Germany) and East Germany (German Democratic Republic). This division became a symbol of the Cold War, with West Germany aligning with the Western bloc and East Germany with the Eastern bloc.
West Germany was established in 1949 with a democratic government and a capitalist economy
East Germany was established in 1949 with a communist government and a planned economy
Analogy
Think of Germany's division like a house split down the middle, with one side following Western rules and the other following Eastern rules.
Note
The division of Germany was formalized by the Allied powers and became a central issue in Cold War politics.
