IB History Topic Taiping Rebellion Revision Notes (HL)

IB History Topic Taiping Rebellion Revision Notes (HL) | RevisionDojo

Causes and Reasons for the Rise of the Taiping Movement

Social Inequality
1. Land shortages, overpopulation, and heavy taxation left millions of peasants in poverty.
Qing Decline
1. Corruption, defeats in the Opium Wars, and the burden of unequal treaties damaged imperial authority.
Religious Vision
1. Hong Xiuquan, a failed scholar influenced by Christian teachings, believed he was the younger brother of Jesus Christ and chosen to cleanse China.
Ethnic Tensions
1. The ruling Manchus were resented by the Han Chinese majority, who saw them as foreign oppressors.
Promise of Equality
1. The movement offered land reform, gender equality, and end of foot-binding, appealing to peasants and women.

Definition

Taiping Heavenly Kingdom

Rebel government established in southern China from 1851–1864.

Definition

Hong Xiuquan

Leader of the rebellion; claimed divine inspiration to overthrow the Qing.

Case study

The Rise of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom

Establishment and Early Success

Founded in Guangxi province (1851); proclaimed the Heavenly Kingdom of Great Peace (Taiping Tianguo).
Army marched north, capturing Nanjing (1853) and renaming it Tianjing, their capital.
Gained support from peasants, miners, and women seeking social change.
Created a theocratic state with strict moral codes that banned alcohol, gambling, and opium.
Aimed to replace Confucianism with a Christian-inspired ideology.

Ideological and Social Features

Advocated shared land ownership and equality between men and women.
Promoted literacy and education based on the Bible.
Established centralized bureaucracy under Hong’s divine authority.
Rejected traditional Confucian hierarchies and the imperial examination system.
Gained attention from Western observers, who were divided between sympathy and fear.

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Note

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Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

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Causes and Reasons for the Rise of the Taiping Movement

Social Inequality
1. Land shortages, overpopulation, and heavy taxation left millions of peasants in poverty.
Qing Decline
1. Corruption, defeats in the Opium Wars, and the burden of unequal treaties damaged imperial authority.
Religious Vision
1. Hong Xiuquan, a failed scholar influenced by Christian teachings, believed he was the younger brother of Jesus Christ and chosen to cleanse China.
Ethnic Tensions
1. The ruling Manchus were resented by the Han Chinese majority, who saw them as foreign oppressors.
Promise of Equality
1. The movement offered land reform, gender equality, and end of foot-binding, appealing to peasants and women.

Definition

Taiping Heavenly Kingdom

Rebel government established in southern China from 1851–1864.

Definition

Hong Xiuquan

Leader of the rebellion; claimed divine inspiration to overthrow the Qing.

Case study

The Rise of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom

Establishment and Early Success

Founded in Guangxi province (1851); proclaimed the Heavenly Kingdom of Great Peace (Taiping Tianguo).
Army marched north, capturing Nanjing (1853) and renaming it Tianjing, their capital.
Gained support from peasants, miners, and women seeking social change.
Created a theocratic state with strict moral codes that banned alcohol, gambling, and opium.
Aimed to replace Confucianism with a Christian-inspired ideology.

Ideological and Social Features

Advocated shared land ownership and equality between men and women.
Promoted literacy and education based on the Bible.
Established centralized bureaucracy under Hong’s divine authority.
Rejected traditional Confucian hierarchies and the imperial examination system.
Gained attention from Western observers, who were divided between sympathy and fear.

Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

Paper 1 - The Move to Global War6 subtopics

Paper 1 - Rights and Protest6 subtopics

Paper 1 - Conflict and Intervention6 subtopics

Paper 2 - Independence Movements5 subtopics

Paper 2 - Emergence and Development of Democratic States5 subtopics

Paper 2 - Authoritarian States7 subtopics

Paper 2 - Causes and Effects of 20th Century Wars4 subtopics

Paper 2 - The Cold War: Superpower Tensions and Rivalries4 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of Europe18 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of the Americas18 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of Asia and Oceania18 subtopics

IB History Taiping Rebellion Notes

Paper 1 - The Move to Global War6 subtopics

Paper 1 - Rights and Protest6 subtopics

Paper 1 - Conflict and Intervention6 subtopics

Paper 2 - Independence Movements5 subtopics

Paper 2 - Emergence and Development of Democratic States5 subtopics

Paper 2 - Authoritarian States7 subtopics

Paper 2 - Causes and Effects of 20th Century Wars4 subtopics

Paper 2 - The Cold War: Superpower Tensions and Rivalries4 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of Europe18 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of the Americas18 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of Asia and Oceania18 subtopics

Causes and Reasons for the Rise of the Taiping Movement

The Rise of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

Causes and Reasons for the Rise of the Taiping Movement

The Rise of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account