IB History Topic Spanish–american War Revision Notes (HL)

IB History Topic Spanish–american War Revision Notes (HL) | RevisionDojo

Long-Term Causes: Political and Economic Factors

By the late 19th century, Spain’s colonial empire was in decline, but it still controlled Cuba and the Philippines, two regions of high strategic and economic value.
The U.S. had significant economic investments in Cuba, particularly in sugar plantations and trade, making stability in the island vital to American business interests.
Cuban nationalists had been fighting for independence since the Ten Years’ War (1868–1878), inspiring sympathy in the U.S. and drawing comparisons to America’s own revolutionary past.
U.S. policymakers increasingly believed that the removal of Spain from the hemisphere aligned with the Monroe Doctrine’s vision of excluding European powers from the Americas.

Definition

Monroe Doctrine

A U.S. policy (1823) declaring the Western Hemisphere off-limits to further European colonization or interference.

Immediate Causes: Public Pressure and Media Influence

In the 1890s, yellow journalism (sensationalized reporting by newspapers owned by William Randolph Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer) exaggerated Spanish atrocities in Cuba, fueling public outrage.
The publication of the De Lôme Letter (1898), in which a Spanish diplomat insulted President William McKinley, further inflamed American nationalism.
The explosion of the USS Maine in Havana Harbor on February 15, 1898, killing 266 sailors, was blamed on Spain (despite unclear evidence), becoming the final spark for war.

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Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

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Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

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Long-Term Causes: Political and Economic Factors

By the late 19th century, Spain’s colonial empire was in decline, but it still controlled Cuba and the Philippines, two regions of high strategic and economic value.
The U.S. had significant economic investments in Cuba, particularly in sugar plantations and trade, making stability in the island vital to American business interests.
Cuban nationalists had been fighting for independence since the Ten Years’ War (1868–1878), inspiring sympathy in the U.S. and drawing comparisons to America’s own revolutionary past.
U.S. policymakers increasingly believed that the removal of Spain from the hemisphere aligned with the Monroe Doctrine’s vision of excluding European powers from the Americas.

Definition

Monroe Doctrine

A U.S. policy (1823) declaring the Western Hemisphere off-limits to further European colonization or interference.

Immediate Causes: Public Pressure and Media Influence

In the 1890s, yellow journalism (sensationalized reporting by newspapers owned by William Randolph Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer) exaggerated Spanish atrocities in Cuba, fueling public outrage.
The publication of the De Lôme Letter (1898), in which a Spanish diplomat insulted President William McKinley, further inflamed American nationalism.
The explosion of the USS Maine in Havana Harbor on February 15, 1898, killing 266 sailors, was blamed on Spain (despite unclear evidence), becoming the final spark for war.

Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

Paper 1 - The Move to Global War6 subtopics

Paper 1 - Rights and Protest6 subtopics

Paper 1 - Conflict and Intervention6 subtopics

Paper 2 - Independence Movements5 subtopics

Paper 2 - Emergence and Development of Democratic States5 subtopics

Paper 2 - Authoritarian States7 subtopics

Paper 2 - Causes and Effects of 20th Century Wars4 subtopics

Paper 2 - The Cold War: Superpower Tensions and Rivalries4 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of Europe18 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of the Americas18 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of Asia and Oceania18 subtopics

IB History Spanish–american War Notes

Paper 1 - The Move to Global War6 subtopics

Paper 1 - Rights and Protest6 subtopics

Paper 1 - Conflict and Intervention6 subtopics

Paper 2 - Independence Movements5 subtopics

Paper 2 - Emergence and Development of Democratic States5 subtopics

Paper 2 - Authoritarian States7 subtopics

Paper 2 - Causes and Effects of 20th Century Wars4 subtopics

Paper 2 - The Cold War: Superpower Tensions and Rivalries4 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of Europe18 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of the Americas18 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of Asia and Oceania18 subtopics

Long-Term Causes: Political and Economic Factors

Immediate Causes: Public Pressure and Media Influence

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

Long-Term Causes: Political and Economic Factors

Immediate Causes: Public Pressure and Media Influence

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account