IB History Topic South Africa : Emergence of Democratic State Revision Notes (SL/HL)

IB History Topic South Africa : Emergence of Democratic State Revision Notes (SL/HL) | RevisionDojo

Conditions That Encouraged Reform

Apartheid Crisis

By the 1980s, apartheid was politically and economically unsustainable, relying heavily on repression.
The exclusion of the Black majority made South Africa increasingly ungovernable.
Economic inefficiency and capital flight weakened white support for the system.
State violence damaged the regime’s legitimacy at home and abroad.

Internal Resistance

Mass opposition from groups such as the ANC, trade unions, and student movements challenged apartheid.
Events like the Soweto Uprising (1976) showed widespread rejection of minority rule.
Sustained strikes and protests in the 1980s made normal governance impossible.
Resistance kept the demand for universal suffrage central to political debate.

International Sanctions

Economic sanctions and trade restrictions weakened South Africa’s economy.
Sporting and cultural boycotts increased international isolation.
The end of the Cold War reduced Western tolerance of apartheid.
Sanctions strengthened reformers within the white political elite.

Definition

Sanctions

Sanctions were economic, political, and cultural penalties imposed by the international community to pressure the South African government to end apartheid and move toward democratic reform.

Definition

Soweto Uprising

The Soweto Uprising was a series of anti-apartheid protests led by black high school students in South Africa that began on June 16, 1976, when a peaceful march against the government's mandatory use of Afrikaans in schools was met with brutal police violence.

Tip

This information helps students explain why apartheid collapsed by linking internal crises, resistance, and international pressure, allowing them to analyze causes and weigh relative importance in IB History Paper 2 essays.

Nice try, unfortunately this paywall isn't as easy to bypass as you think. Want to help devleop the site? Join the team at https://revisiondojo.com/join-us. exercitation voluptate cillum ullamco excepteur sint officia do tempor Lorem irure minim Lorem elit id voluptate reprehenderit voluptate laboris in nostrud qui non Lorem nostrud laborum culpa sit occaecat reprehenderit

Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Nemo enim ipsam voluptatem quia voluptas sit aspernatur aut odit aut fugit, sed quia consequuntur magni dolores eos qui ratione voluptatem sequi nesciunt. Neque porro quisquam est, qui dolorem ipsum quia dolor sit amet, consectetur, adipisci velit.

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

Conditions That Encouraged Reform

Apartheid Crisis

By the 1980s, apartheid was politically and economically unsustainable, relying heavily on repression.
The exclusion of the Black majority made South Africa increasingly ungovernable.
Economic inefficiency and capital flight weakened white support for the system.
State violence damaged the regime’s legitimacy at home and abroad.

Internal Resistance

Mass opposition from groups such as the ANC, trade unions, and student movements challenged apartheid.
Events like the Soweto Uprising (1976) showed widespread rejection of minority rule.
Sustained strikes and protests in the 1980s made normal governance impossible.
Resistance kept the demand for universal suffrage central to political debate.

International Sanctions

Economic sanctions and trade restrictions weakened South Africa’s economy.
Sporting and cultural boycotts increased international isolation.
The end of the Cold War reduced Western tolerance of apartheid.
Sanctions strengthened reformers within the white political elite.

Definition

Sanctions

Sanctions were economic, political, and cultural penalties imposed by the international community to pressure the South African government to end apartheid and move toward democratic reform.

Definition

Soweto Uprising

Tip

This information helps students explain why apartheid collapsed by linking internal crises, resistance, and international pressure, allowing them to analyze causes and weigh relative importance in IB History Paper 2 essays.

Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

Paper 1 - The Move to Global War6 subtopics

Paper 1 - Rights and Protest6 subtopics

Paper 1 - Conflict and Intervention6 subtopics

Paper 2 - Independence Movements5 subtopics

Paper 2 - Emergence and Development of Democratic States5 subtopics

Paper 2 - Authoritarian States7 subtopics

Paper 2 - Causes and Effects of 20th Century Wars4 subtopics

Paper 2 - The Cold War: Superpower Tensions and Rivalries4 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of Europe18 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of the Americas18 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of Asia and Oceania18 subtopics

IB History South Africa : Emergence of Democratic State Notes

Paper 1 - The Move to Global War6 subtopics

Paper 1 - Rights and Protest6 subtopics

Paper 1 - Conflict and Intervention6 subtopics

Paper 2 - Independence Movements5 subtopics

Paper 2 - Emergence and Development of Democratic States5 subtopics

Paper 2 - Authoritarian States7 subtopics

Paper 2 - Causes and Effects of 20th Century Wars4 subtopics

Paper 2 - The Cold War: Superpower Tensions and Rivalries4 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of Europe18 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of the Americas18 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of Asia and Oceania18 subtopics

Conditions That Encouraged Reform

Apartheid Crisis

Internal Resistance

International Sanctions

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

Conditions That Encouraged Reform

Apartheid Crisis

Internal Resistance

International Sanctions

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account