Notes for Origins, Causes and Development - IB | RevisionDojo
Origins, Causes and Development Notes
Origins and Causes of the Renaissance in Italy
The Renaissance originated in Italy due to its central position in Mediterranean trade, which brought immense wealth to the city-states.
Italian cities such as Florence, Venice, and Milan were highly urbanized.
This concentration of people and resources provided fertile ground for cultural life.
Humanism developed as a key intellectual movement, emphasizing classical learning in subjects such as grammar, rhetoric, philosophy, and history.
Development of the Renaissance
Writers and philosophers, including Petrarch, Salutati, and later Machiavelli, developed humanist thought and challenged traditional ideas about authority and politics.
Wealthy patrons, especially the Medici family and the Church, funded artists and scholars, using patronage for religious devotion, dynastic prestige, and political propaganda.
Cultural rivalry between city-states encouraged artistic innovation, and over time the Renaissance spread beyond Florence to the rest of Italy and later across Europe.
Florence: Social and Political Situation
Florence’s economy was based on banking, led by the Medici, and on the highly profitable wool and textile trade, which made the city one of the wealthiest in Europe.
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What intellectual movement developed during the Renaissance?
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Note
The Renaissance, meaning 'rebirth', was a period of profound cultural, artistic, and intellectual transformation that began in Italy during the 14th century. This era marked a departure from the medieval worldview and a renewed interest in classical antiquity.
The term Renaissance signifies a revival of classical learning and values
It was characterized by a focus on human potential and achievements
The movement spread from Italy to the rest of Europe over the following centuries
Analogy
Think of the Renaissance as a cultural 'springtime' after the 'winter' of the Middle Ages, where new ideas and artistic expressions blossomed.
Example
Artists like Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo exemplified the Renaissance spirit through their mastery of multiple disciplines and their pursuit of perfection.
