IB History Topic Immigration/emigration Revision Notes (HL)

IB History Topic Immigration/emigration Revision Notes (HL) | RevisionDojo

Case Study Countries: Philippines and Malaysia

Causes of Emigration and Labor Migration

Between 1980 and 2005, millions of Asians left their home countries due to economic needs, limited opportunities and expanding global labor markets.
High unemployment pushed many workers to seek foreign employment in the Middle East and Asia.
Wage gaps between Asia and developed economies encouraged outward migration.
Governments promoted overseas labor to gain foreign currency through remittances.
Skilled workers pursued better professional prospects abroad, especially in healthcare.
Rapid globalization expanded recruitment networks for Asian migrants.

Case study

Overseas Filipino Workers (OFWs), 1980–2005

Causes and Drivers

Economic stagnation increased domestic financial pressure on families.
The Philippine government promoted labor export as national policy.
Middle Eastern oil economies created vast labor demand in construction and services.
Filipino workers sought higher incomes than available at home.
Recruitment agencies facilitated international job placement.

Consequences and National Influence

Remittances became a major source of national revenue.
Families experienced improved economic security from overseas earnings.
Long-term social separation created emotional strain for many households.
OFWs shaped global perceptions of Filipino professional reliability.
Labor migration became central to national economic planning.

Definition

Remittance

Money workers send home from abroad.

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Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Nemo enim ipsam voluptatem quia voluptas sit aspernatur aut odit aut fugit, sed quia consequuntur magni dolores eos qui ratione voluptatem sequi nesciunt. Neque porro quisquam est, qui dolorem ipsum quia dolor sit amet, consectetur, adipisci velit.

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

Case Study Countries: Philippines and Malaysia

Causes of Emigration and Labor Migration

Between 1980 and 2005, millions of Asians left their home countries due to economic needs, limited opportunities and expanding global labor markets.
High unemployment pushed many workers to seek foreign employment in the Middle East and Asia.
Wage gaps between Asia and developed economies encouraged outward migration.
Governments promoted overseas labor to gain foreign currency through remittances.
Skilled workers pursued better professional prospects abroad, especially in healthcare.
Rapid globalization expanded recruitment networks for Asian migrants.

Case study

Overseas Filipino Workers (OFWs), 1980–2005

Causes and Drivers

Economic stagnation increased domestic financial pressure on families.
The Philippine government promoted labor export as national policy.
Middle Eastern oil economies created vast labor demand in construction and services.
Filipino workers sought higher incomes than available at home.
Recruitment agencies facilitated international job placement.

Consequences and National Influence

Remittances became a major source of national revenue.
Families experienced improved economic security from overseas earnings.
Long-term social separation created emotional strain for many households.
OFWs shaped global perceptions of Filipino professional reliability.
Labor migration became central to national economic planning.

Definition

Remittance

Money workers send home from abroad.

Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

Paper 1 - The Move to Global War6 subtopics

Paper 1 - Rights and Protest6 subtopics

Paper 1 - Conflict and Intervention6 subtopics

Paper 2 - Independence Movements5 subtopics

Paper 2 - Emergence and Development of Democratic States5 subtopics

Paper 2 - Authoritarian States7 subtopics

Paper 2 - Causes and Effects of 20th Century Wars4 subtopics

Paper 2 - The Cold War: Superpower Tensions and Rivalries4 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of Europe18 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of the Americas18 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of Asia and Oceania18 subtopics

IB History Immigration/emigration Notes

Case Study Countries: Philippines and Malaysia

Overseas Filipino Workers (OFWs), 1980–2005

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

Case Study Countries: Philippines and Malaysia

Overseas Filipino Workers (OFWs), 1980–2005

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

Paper 1 - The Move to Global War6 subtopics

Paper 1 - Rights and Protest6 subtopics

Paper 1 - Conflict and Intervention6 subtopics

Paper 2 - Independence Movements5 subtopics

Paper 2 - Emergence and Development of Democratic States5 subtopics

Paper 2 - Authoritarian States7 subtopics

Paper 2 - Causes and Effects of 20th Century Wars4 subtopics

Paper 2 - The Cold War: Superpower Tensions and Rivalries4 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of Europe18 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of the Americas18 subtopics

Paper 3 - History of Asia and Oceania18 subtopics