Guerrilla warfare in Latin America is a form of irregular combat that uses small, mobile groups to carry out surprise attacks against larger, conventional military forces. A defining characteristic is its link to revolutionary movements aimed at challenging oppressive regimes, often driven by ideologies of anti-imperialism, socialism, and indigenous rights.
Background
The 20th century in Latin America saw widespread inequality, dictatorship, and foreign influence, creating conditions for revolutionary and guerrilla movements.
Guerrilla warfare refers to small, mobile groups using hit-and-run tactics against larger, conventional armies.
The most famous example is the Cuban Revolution (1956–1959) led by Fidel Castro, Raúl Castro, and Che Guevara, which later inspired similar movements across Latin America.
The success of the Cuban rebels turned Cuba into a model for revolutionary struggle against oppression and U.S. imperialism.
Origins of the Movement
Social Inequality
Widespread poverty and exploitation in rural Cuba under Fulgencio Batista’s dictatorship.
Political Corruption
Batista canceled elections in 1952, ruled by force, and silenced opposition.
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Note
Introduction to Guerrilla Movements
Guerrilla warfare is a form of irregular warfare where small groups use hit-and-run tactics against larger, conventional forces.
The term "guerrilla" comes from the Spanish word for "little war," first used during the Peninsular War against Napoleon.
Guerrilla movements often arise in response to oppression, inequality, and foreign intervention.
AnalogyThink of guerrilla warfare like a game of hide-and-seek, where the smaller group uses surprise and mobility to outsmart a larger opponent.
DefinitionGuerrilla WarfareA form of irregular warfare where small groups use hit-and-run tactics, ambushes, and sabotage against larger, conventional forces.
ExampleDuring the Vietnam War, the Viet Cong used guerrilla tactics to fight against the technologically superior U.S. military.
