Notes for Collective Security and Appeasement - IB | RevisionDojo
Collective Security and Appeasement Notes
Overview
After World War I, many European countries believed that peace could be preserved through collective security.
Collective security is the idea that if one country threatened peace, others would stop them together.
When dictators began to challenge the peace, appeasement (giving in to demands to avoid war) replaced action.
Aims, Issues, and Extent of Success of Collective Security
Aims
Prevent war through international cooperation.
Let the League of Nations act like a “peacekeeper.”
Use sanctions or diplomatic pressure to stop aggressors.
Major Issues
The USA never joined the League (weakened its power.)
The League had no army, only moral pressure and sanctions.
Big powers like Britain and France prioritized their own national interests over collective action.
Some countries (e.g., Germany, Japan, Italy) simply left the League when criticized.
Role of British, French, and Soviet Foreign Policies (1919–1941)
Britain
Wanted to avoid war at all costs.
Supported the League but didn’t commit troops or strong sanctions.
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What is collective security?
Lesson
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Note
After World War I, the world sought new ways to maintain peace and prevent another devastating conflict. The concept of collective security emerged as a hopeful solution, where nations would work together to deter aggression and maintain international order.
The idea was that an attack on one nation would be considered an attack on all, prompting a unified response
This concept was embodied in the creation of the League of Nations, an international organization aimed at maintaining peace
Think of collective security as a neighborhood watch on a global scale - if one house is threatened, the whole neighborhood responds
DefinitionCollective Security
An international system where nations agree to act together against any aggressor to maintain peace and security
Analogy
Imagine a group of friends agreeing that if anyone bullies one of them, the whole group will stand up together. That's the basic idea of collective security on an international level.
