Notes for Louis XIV of France vs Peter the Great of Russia - IB | RevisionDojo
Louis XIV of France vs Peter the Great of Russia Notes
Louis XIV (1638–1715), also known as the "Sun King," was the King of France from 1643 until his death. He is remembered as the quintessential absolute monarch, consolidating a centralized government and transforming France into the dominant power in Europe.
Louis XIV of France (1643–1715)
Louis XIV embodied absolutism, calling himself the “Sun King” and famously stating “L’état, c’est moi” (“I am the state”).
He ruled through personal authority, limiting the power of the nobility by requiring them to live at Versailles, where he could monitor them.
Louis centralized authority, reduced the influence of the Estates-General, and controlled the Catholic Church in France with the Gallican Articles (1682). He also built one of Europe’s strongest standing armies.
His wars (War of Devolution, Franco-Dutch War, War of the Spanish Succession) aimed to expand France’s borders and increase its dominance.
Peter the Great (1672–1725) was a Russian czar and later emperor who modernized his country through sweeping reforms inspired by Western Europe. His reign saw Russia's transformation from an isolated kingdom into a major European power.
Peter the Great of Russia (1682–1725)
Peter sought to westernize Russia, strengthening autocracy by crushing noble revolts (Streltsy Rebellion) and forcing the boyars (nobility) to serve the state.
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Note
Introduction to Absolutism
Absolutism is a form of government where the monarch holds absolute power and authority over the state and its people.
Both Louis XIV of France and Peter the Great of Russia are prime examples of absolutist rulers in European history.
Their reigns marked significant transformations in their respective countries, shaping the course of European politics and society.
DefinitionAbsolutismA political system where a single ruler holds all power and authority, often justified by divine right.
AnalogyThink of absolutism like a CEO who has complete control over a company, making all decisions without needing approval from anyone else.
ExampleLouis XIV's famous statement "I am the state" exemplifies the concept of absolutism.
