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2018 Constitutional Amendment (China)
A set of amendments to the Chinese constitution passed by the National People's Congress in March 2018. The most significant change removed the two-term limit on the presidency, allowing Xi Jinping to serve indefinitely. The amendments also enshrined "Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era" in the constitution, placing Xi alongside Mao Zedong as the only leaders to have their personal ideology written into the founding document during their lifetimes.
Made in China 2025
A state-led industrial policy announced by China's State Council in 2015, aiming to shift China from a manufacturer of low-cost goods to a world leader in high-technology sectors including robotics, aerospace, semiconductors, electric vehicles, and artificial intelligence. Made in China 2025 uses government subsidies, preferential loans, and state-owned enterprise investment to achieve market dominance targets, which it set at 70% domestic production in key sectors by 2025. The policy prompted significant trade tensions with the United States and European Union.