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Barefoot doctors
Rural health workers given basic medical training from the late 1960s onward to bring healthcare to areas with no doctors, part of Mao's wider effort to extend welfare provision into the countryside.
Four Olds
A target of the Cultural Revolution (1966–1976): old customs, old culture, old habits, and old ideas. Red Guards were mobilised to destroy the Four Olds, leading to the ransacking of temples, churches, historic sites, and private homes; the burning of books and religious texts; and the public humiliation and physical assault of teachers, scholars, and religious figures. The campaign caused enormous and irreversible destruction of China's cultural heritage.