IB Geography Topic E.3.2 Role of Tncs in Global Tourism Revision Notes (SL/HL)

IB Geography Topic E.3.2 Role of Tncs in Global Tourism Revision Notes (SL/HL) | RevisionDojo

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Economic Influence and Stakeholder Impacts

Economic influence of tourism is shaped by multiple stakeholders: policy makers, public authorities, TNCs, and local businesses and communities.
The interplay between these stakeholders generates benefits and costs.

Benefits of Tourism

1. Infrastructure Investment

Tourism often drives investment in critical infrastructure like airports, roads, and resorts.
These improvements benefit not only tourists but also local communities by enhancing connectivity and access to services.
Infrastructure is usually financed by public authorities, not TNCs.

Tip

Infrastructure built for tourism can also support other sectors, such as trade and healthcare, amplifying its economic impact.

2. Job Creation and Foreign Exchange Earnings

Tourism is labour-intensive, creating jobs in hospitality, transportation, and entertainment.
It also generates foreign exchange earnings, which help countries stabilize their economies and reduce trade deficits.

Analogy

Think of tourism as a spotlight.
When a country hosts international visitors, it showcases its culture, landscapes, and potential for investment, much like a performer on a global stage.

Costs of Tourism

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Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Nemo enim ipsam voluptatem quia voluptas sit aspernatur aut odit aut fugit, sed quia consequuntur magni dolores eos qui ratione voluptatem sequi nesciunt. Neque porro quisquam est, qui dolorem ipsum quia dolor sit amet, consectetur, adipisci velit.

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

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Economic Influence and Stakeholder Impacts

Economic influence of tourism is shaped by multiple stakeholders: policy makers, public authorities, TNCs, and local businesses and communities.
The interplay between these stakeholders generates benefits and costs.

Benefits of Tourism

1. Infrastructure Investment

Tourism often drives investment in critical infrastructure like airports, roads, and resorts.
These improvements benefit not only tourists but also local communities by enhancing connectivity and access to services.
Infrastructure is usually financed by public authorities, not TNCs.

Tip

Infrastructure built for tourism can also support other sectors, such as trade and healthcare, amplifying its economic impact.

2. Job Creation and Foreign Exchange Earnings

Tourism is labour-intensive, creating jobs in hospitality, transportation, and entertainment.
It also generates foreign exchange earnings, which help countries stabilize their economies and reduce trade deficits.

Analogy

Think of tourism as a spotlight.
When a country hosts international visitors, it showcases its culture, landscapes, and potential for investment, much like a performer on a global stage.

Costs of Tourism

Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

1 Changing Population3 subtopics

2 Global Climate - Vulnerability and Resilience3 subtopics

3 Global Resource Consumption and Security3 subtopics

4 Power, Places and Networks (HL only)3 subtopics

5 Human Development and Diversity (HL only)3 subtopics

6 Global Risks and Resilience (HL only)3 subtopics

Option A Freshwater - Drainage Basins4 subtopics

Option B Oceans and Coastal Margins4 subtopics

Option C Extreme Environments4 subtopics

Option D Geophysical Hazards4 subtopics

Option E Leisure, Tourism and Sport4 subtopics

Option F The Geography of Food and Health4 subtopics

Option G Urban Environments5 subtopics

IB Geography E.3.2 Role of Tncs in Global Tourism Notes

1 Changing Population3 subtopics

2 Global Climate - Vulnerability and Resilience3 subtopics

3 Global Resource Consumption and Security3 subtopics

4 Power, Places and Networks (HL only)3 subtopics

5 Human Development and Diversity (HL only)3 subtopics

6 Global Risks and Resilience (HL only)3 subtopics

Option A Freshwater - Drainage Basins4 subtopics

Option B Oceans and Coastal Margins4 subtopics

Option C Extreme Environments4 subtopics

Option D Geophysical Hazards4 subtopics

Option E Leisure, Tourism and Sport4 subtopics

Option F The Geography of Food and Health4 subtopics

Option G Urban Environments5 subtopics

Economic Influence and Stakeholder Impacts

Benefits of Tourism

1. Infrastructure Investment

2. Job Creation and Foreign Exchange Earnings

Costs of Tourism

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

Economic Influence and Stakeholder Impacts

Benefits of Tourism

1. Infrastructure Investment

2. Job Creation and Foreign Exchange Earnings

Costs of Tourism

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account