IB Geography Topic B.2.1 Physical Influences on Coastal Landscapes Revision Notes (SL/HL)

IB Geography Topic B.2.1 Physical Influences on Coastal Landscapes Revision Notes (SL/HL) | RevisionDojo

Written by official IB examiners

Waves: The Driving Force of Coastal Change

Coastlines are shaped by a dynamic interplay of natural processes.
Understanding these processes is key to analyzing how coastlines evolve.
Waves are the primary agents of coastal change, influencing both erosion and deposition.
There are two major types of waves: destructive and constructive.

Waves Form When Wind Energy is Transferred to The Water's Surface.

Wind blowing across the ocean creates friction, disturbing the water and transferring energy.
This energy generates waves, which travel toward the shore, shaping the coastline through erosion and deposition.
Wheres destructive waves carry higher energy causing erosion, constructive waves have lower energy resulting in deposition.

Note

Tip

Destructive waves have a stronger backwash than swash, while constructive waves have a stronger swash than backwash.

Tides Are The Rhythmic Rise and Fall of the Sea

Definition

Tides

Tides are very long-period waves that move through the ocean in response to the gravitational forces exerted by the moon and sun.

Why Tides Matter

Tidal Range
1. A wide tidal range exposes more coastline to erosion and deposition.
2. A narrow tidal range limits these processes to smaller areas.
Sediment Transport
1. Tides move sediment along the coast, contributing to the formation of features like mudflats and salt marshes.

Note

Don’t confuse tides with waves! Tides are caused by gravitational forces, while waves are generated by wind.

Sediment Supply: The Building Blocks of Coastal Landforms

Definition

Sediment

Sediment is the raw material (small, solid particles consisting of various materials, including rock fragments, minerals, organic matter, and shells) transported and deposited by water, wind, ice, or gravity.

In case of coastal processes, sediment is mostly transported by water and wind and serves as building material for beaches, dunes, and other coastal landform.

Sources of Sediment

Rivers: Transport fine-grained materials like silt and sand to the coast.

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Waves: The Driving Force of Coastal Change

Coastlines are shaped by a dynamic interplay of natural processes.
Understanding these processes is key to analyzing how coastlines evolve.
Waves are the primary agents of coastal change, influencing both erosion and deposition.
There are two major types of waves: destructive and constructive.

Waves Form When Wind Energy is Transferred to The Water's Surface.

Wind blowing across the ocean creates friction, disturbing the water and transferring energy.
This energy generates waves, which travel toward the shore, shaping the coastline through erosion and deposition.
Wheres destructive waves carry higher energy causing erosion, constructive waves have lower energy resulting in deposition.

Note

Tip

Destructive waves have a stronger backwash than swash, while constructive waves have a stronger swash than backwash.

Tides Are The Rhythmic Rise and Fall of the Sea

Definition

Tides

Tides are very long-period waves that move through the ocean in response to the gravitational forces exerted by the moon and sun.

Why Tides Matter

Tidal Range
1. A wide tidal range exposes more coastline to erosion and deposition.
2. A narrow tidal range limits these processes to smaller areas.
Sediment Transport
1. Tides move sediment along the coast, contributing to the formation of features like mudflats and salt marshes.

Note

Don’t confuse tides with waves! Tides are caused by gravitational forces, while waves are generated by wind.

Sediment Supply: The Building Blocks of Coastal Landforms

Definition

Sediment

In case of coastal processes, sediment is mostly transported by water and wind and serves as building material for beaches, dunes, and other coastal landform.

Sources of Sediment

Rivers: Transport fine-grained materials like silt and sand to the coast.

Definition

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Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

1 Changing Population3 subtopics

2 Global Climate - Vulnerability and Resilience3 subtopics

3 Global Resource Consumption and Security3 subtopics

4 Power, Places and Networks (HL only)3 subtopics

5 Human Development and Diversity (HL only)3 subtopics

6 Global Risks and Resilience (HL only)3 subtopics

Option A Freshwater - Drainage Basins4 subtopics

Option B Oceans and Coastal Margins4 subtopics

Option C Extreme Environments4 subtopics

Option D Geophysical Hazards4 subtopics

Option E Leisure, Tourism and Sport4 subtopics

Option F The Geography of Food and Health4 subtopics

Option G Urban Environments5 subtopics

IB Geography B.2.1 Physical Influences on Coastal Landscapes Notes

1 Changing Population3 subtopics

2 Global Climate - Vulnerability and Resilience3 subtopics

3 Global Resource Consumption and Security3 subtopics

4 Power, Places and Networks (HL only)3 subtopics

5 Human Development and Diversity (HL only)3 subtopics

6 Global Risks and Resilience (HL only)3 subtopics

Option A Freshwater - Drainage Basins4 subtopics

Option B Oceans and Coastal Margins4 subtopics

Option C Extreme Environments4 subtopics

Option D Geophysical Hazards4 subtopics

Option E Leisure, Tourism and Sport4 subtopics

Option F The Geography of Food and Health4 subtopics

Option G Urban Environments5 subtopics

Waves: The Driving Force of Coastal Change

Waves Form When Wind Energy is Transferred to The Water's Surface.

Tides Are The Rhythmic Rise and Fall of the Sea

Why Tides Matter

Sediment Supply: The Building Blocks of Coastal Landforms

Sources of Sediment

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

Waves: The Driving Force of Coastal Change

Waves Form When Wind Energy is Transferred to The Water's Surface.

Tides Are The Rhythmic Rise and Fall of the Sea

Why Tides Matter

Sediment Supply: The Building Blocks of Coastal Landforms

Sources of Sediment

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account