IB Geography Topic 4.2.1 Contemporary Networks and Flows Revision Notes (HL)

IB Geography Topic 4.2.1 Contemporary Networks and Flows Revision Notes (HL) | RevisionDojo

Written by official IB examiners

Interconnections Through Trade, Finance, and Migration

Imagine a world where countries operate in isolation, producing everything they need without interacting with others.
Now, compare this to our interconnected global economy, where goods, services, money, and people flow across borders every second.

This interconnectedness shapes economies, influences policies, and impacts lives worldwide.

Trade Flows: The Movement of Goods and Services

Raw Materials, Fuels, Agricultural Products, Manufactured Goods, and Services

Raw Materials: These are the building blocks of global trade including ores and metals.
Fuels: Key export products for multiple countries strengthening their role.
Agricultural Products: Significant components of global food security.
Manufactured Goods: Countries like China, Germany, and South Korea are major exporters of electronics, automobiles, and machinery. Manufactured goods are main export products from most of the HICs.
Services: The global trade in services, such as finance, tourism, and information technology, is growing rapidly.

What Is the Volume and Pattern of Trade?

Globally export of goods reaches 20-25 trillion USD annually and accounts for approximately 80% of the value of international trade.
The remaining 20% (~5-7 trillion USD) is constituted by export of services.

Tip

When studying trade flows, consider both the origin and destination of goods and services. This helps identify patterns and dependencies in the global economy.
Please note there is a distinctive pattern of trade.

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Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

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Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

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Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

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Interconnections Through Trade, Finance, and Migration

Imagine a world where countries operate in isolation, producing everything they need without interacting with others.
Now, compare this to our interconnected global economy, where goods, services, money, and people flow across borders every second.

This interconnectedness shapes economies, influences policies, and impacts lives worldwide.

Trade Flows: The Movement of Goods and Services

Raw Materials, Fuels, Agricultural Products, Manufactured Goods, and Services

Raw Materials: These are the building blocks of global trade including ores and metals.
Fuels: Key export products for multiple countries strengthening their role.
Agricultural Products: Significant components of global food security.
Manufactured Goods: Countries like China, Germany, and South Korea are major exporters of electronics, automobiles, and machinery. Manufactured goods are main export products from most of the HICs.
Services: The global trade in services, such as finance, tourism, and information technology, is growing rapidly.

What Is the Volume and Pattern of Trade?

Globally export of goods reaches 20-25 trillion USD annually and accounts for approximately 80% of the value of international trade.
The remaining 20% (~5-7 trillion USD) is constituted by export of services.

Tip

When studying trade flows, consider both the origin and destination of goods and services. This helps identify patterns and dependencies in the global economy.
Please note there is a distinctive pattern of trade.

Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

1 Changing Population3 subtopics

2 Global Climate - Vulnerability and Resilience3 subtopics

3 Global Resource Consumption and Security3 subtopics

4 Power, Places and Networks (HL only)3 subtopics

5 Human Development and Diversity (HL only)3 subtopics

6 Global Risks and Resilience (HL only)3 subtopics

Option A Freshwater - Drainage Basins4 subtopics

Option B Oceans and Coastal Margins4 subtopics

Option C Extreme Environments4 subtopics

Option D Geophysical Hazards4 subtopics

Option E Leisure, Tourism and Sport4 subtopics

Option F The Geography of Food and Health4 subtopics

Option G Urban Environments5 subtopics

IB Geography 4.2.1 Contemporary Networks and Flows Notes

1 Changing Population3 subtopics

2 Global Climate - Vulnerability and Resilience3 subtopics

3 Global Resource Consumption and Security3 subtopics

4 Power, Places and Networks (HL only)3 subtopics

5 Human Development and Diversity (HL only)3 subtopics

6 Global Risks and Resilience (HL only)3 subtopics

Option A Freshwater - Drainage Basins4 subtopics

Option B Oceans and Coastal Margins4 subtopics

Option C Extreme Environments4 subtopics

Option D Geophysical Hazards4 subtopics

Option E Leisure, Tourism and Sport4 subtopics

Option F The Geography of Food and Health4 subtopics

Option G Urban Environments5 subtopics

Interconnections Through Trade, Finance, and Migration

Trade Flows: The Movement of Goods and Services

Raw Materials, Fuels, Agricultural Products, Manufactured Goods, and Services

What Is the Volume and Pattern of Trade?

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

Interconnections Through Trade, Finance, and Migration

Trade Flows: The Movement of Goods and Services

Raw Materials, Fuels, Agricultural Products, Manufactured Goods, and Services

What Is the Volume and Pattern of Trade?

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account