IB Geography Topic 3.2.2 Climate Change and the Nexus Revision Notes (SL/HL)

IB Geography Topic 3.2.2 Climate Change and the Nexus Revision Notes (SL/HL) | RevisionDojo

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Climate Change as a Destabilizer of Resource Systems

Climate change - long-term shifts in temperatures and weather patterns, primarily driven by human activities such as burning fossil fuels which disrupts the balance of critical resource systems:
1. Hydrosphere: water systems
2. Biosphere: ecosystems and agriculture
3. Energy systems: production and consumption

Hydrosphere: Melting Glaciers and Altered Rainfall Patterns

Melting Glaciers

Glaciers act as natural reservoirs, storing water in winter and releasing it in summer.
As glaciers melt faster than they can replenish, regions dependent on glacial meltwater face:
1. Short-term flooding: Rapid melting increases river flow.
2. Long-term water scarcity: Once glaciers shrink, less water is available.

Example

The Hindu Kush Himalayan (HKH) region, often called the "Third Pole" supplies water to nearly 2 billion people in Asia through major rivers like Indus, Ganges, Brahmaputra, Mekong, Yangtze, and Yellow River. As HKH glaciers melt, countries like India, Pakistan, Vietnam and China face increased water stress.

Altered Rainfall Patterns

Climate change disrupts traditional rainfall cycles, leading to:
1. Droughts: Prolonged dry periods reduce water availability.
2. Floods: Intense rainfall overwhelms infrastructure and contaminates water supplies.

Example

In Sub-Saharan Africa, unpredictable rainfall has worsened water scarcity, affecting agriculture and drinking water supplies for millions.

Note

Tip

Remember, water scarcity isn't just about less water - it's about when and where the water is available.

Biosphere: Crop Failures and Habitat Loss

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Note

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Tip

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Climate Change as a Destabilizer of Resource Systems

Climate change - long-term shifts in temperatures and weather patterns, primarily driven by human activities such as burning fossil fuels which disrupts the balance of critical resource systems:
1. Hydrosphere: water systems
2. Biosphere: ecosystems and agriculture
3. Energy systems: production and consumption

Hydrosphere: Melting Glaciers and Altered Rainfall Patterns

Melting Glaciers

Glaciers act as natural reservoirs, storing water in winter and releasing it in summer.
As glaciers melt faster than they can replenish, regions dependent on glacial meltwater face:
1. Short-term flooding: Rapid melting increases river flow.
2. Long-term water scarcity: Once glaciers shrink, less water is available.

Example

Altered Rainfall Patterns

Climate change disrupts traditional rainfall cycles, leading to:
1. Droughts: Prolonged dry periods reduce water availability.
2. Floods: Intense rainfall overwhelms infrastructure and contaminates water supplies.

Example

In Sub-Saharan Africa, unpredictable rainfall has worsened water scarcity, affecting agriculture and drinking water supplies for millions.

Note

Tip

Remember, water scarcity isn't just about less water - it's about when and where the water is available.

Biosphere: Crop Failures and Habitat Loss

Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

1 Changing Population3 subtopics

2 Global Climate - Vulnerability and Resilience3 subtopics

3 Global Resource Consumption and Security3 subtopics

4 Power, Places and Networks (HL only)3 subtopics

5 Human Development and Diversity (HL only)3 subtopics

6 Global Risks and Resilience (HL only)3 subtopics

Option A Freshwater - Drainage Basins4 subtopics

Option B Oceans and Coastal Margins4 subtopics

Option C Extreme Environments4 subtopics

Option D Geophysical Hazards4 subtopics

Option E Leisure, Tourism and Sport4 subtopics

Option F The Geography of Food and Health4 subtopics

Option G Urban Environments5 subtopics

IB Geography 3.2.2 Climate Change and the Nexus Notes

1 Changing Population3 subtopics

2 Global Climate - Vulnerability and Resilience3 subtopics

3 Global Resource Consumption and Security3 subtopics

4 Power, Places and Networks (HL only)3 subtopics

5 Human Development and Diversity (HL only)3 subtopics

6 Global Risks and Resilience (HL only)3 subtopics

Option A Freshwater - Drainage Basins4 subtopics

Option B Oceans and Coastal Margins4 subtopics

Option C Extreme Environments4 subtopics

Option D Geophysical Hazards4 subtopics

Option E Leisure, Tourism and Sport4 subtopics

Option F The Geography of Food and Health4 subtopics

Option G Urban Environments5 subtopics

Climate Change as a Destabilizer of Resource Systems

Hydrosphere: Melting Glaciers and Altered Rainfall Patterns

Melting Glaciers

Altered Rainfall Patterns

Biosphere: Crop Failures and Habitat Loss

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

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Climate Change as a Destabilizer of Resource Systems

Hydrosphere: Melting Glaciers and Altered Rainfall Patterns

Melting Glaciers

Altered Rainfall Patterns

Biosphere: Crop Failures and Habitat Loss

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account