IB Environmental systems and societies (ESS) - Old 3.2G Environmental Justice and Conservation Efforts Notes

Environmental Justice: Who Pays the Price of Conservation?

Environmental justice is the fair distribution of environmental benefits and burdens, and the fair inclusion of affected people in decisions.

In conservation it means the people who live with or depend on biodiversity should not bear unfair costs of protecting it.

The core tension: conservation can protect a forest and exclude the very people who lived there sustainably for generations.

Theory of Knowledge

Two people can agree on every fact about a protected area and still disagree on who should control it.
The disagreement comes from different values, not different data.

Fortress Conservation: Protecting Nature by Removing People

Many biodiversity-rich regions are home to Indigenous or low-income communities, especially in the Global South.

These communities depend directly on forests, rivers, and grasslands for food, grazing, and cultural identity.

Fortress conservation is the model of protecting nature by fencing it off and removing the people who live inside.

When land is seized for protected areas in this way, it is often called green grabbing.

Evicting or excluding local people can cause serious harm:

Loss of access to land, food, and livelihoods.
Increased poverty and food insecurity.
Cultural erosion and loss of traditional practices.

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Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

IB Environmental systems and societies (ESS) - Old 3.2G Environmental Justice and Conservation Efforts Notes

IB Environmental systems and societies (ESS) - Old 3.2G Environmental Justice and Conservation Efforts Notes

Environmental Justice: Who Pays the Price of Conservation?

Fortress Conservation: Protecting Nature by Removing People

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

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Environmental Justice: Who Pays the Price of Conservation?

Fortress Conservation: Protecting Nature by Removing People

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

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