IB Environmental systems and societies Topic 8.1A Birth and Immigration as Inputs to Population Growth Revision Notes (SL/HL)

IB Environmental systems and societies Topic 8.1A Birth and Immigration as Inputs to Population Growth Revision Notes (SL/HL) | RevisionDojo

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Population Change: Inputs Add, Outputs Take Away

A population behaves like a system: inputs raise its size and outputs lower it.
Births and immigration are the inputs; deaths and emigration are the outputs.

Analogy

Picture a population as water in a bathtub.
Births and immigration are the taps filling it; deaths and emigration are the drains emptying it.
The level rises only when inflow beats outflow.

Measuring the Inputs: Births and Immigration

Crude Birth Rate (CBR)
1. The number of live births per 1,000 people per year.
2. Higher in lower-income countries, for cultural, economic, and healthcare reasons.
Immigration rate
1. The number of immigrants arriving per 1,000 people per year.
2. Driven by jobs, conflict, climate change, and political instability.

Example

A CBR of 20 means 20 babies are born per 1,000 people each year.

Measuring the Outputs: Deaths and Emigration

Crude Death Rate (CDR)

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Note

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Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

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Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

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Population Change: Inputs Add, Outputs Take Away

A population behaves like a system: inputs raise its size and outputs lower it.
Births and immigration are the inputs; deaths and emigration are the outputs.

Analogy

Picture a population as water in a bathtub.
Births and immigration are the taps filling it; deaths and emigration are the drains emptying it.
The level rises only when inflow beats outflow.

Measuring the Inputs: Births and Immigration

Crude Birth Rate (CBR)
1. The number of live births per 1,000 people per year.
2. Higher in lower-income countries, for cultural, economic, and healthcare reasons.
Immigration rate
1. The number of immigrants arriving per 1,000 people per year.
2. Driven by jobs, conflict, climate change, and political instability.

Example

A CBR of 20 means 20 babies are born per 1,000 people each year.

Measuring the Outputs: Deaths and Emigration

Crude Death Rate (CDR)

Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

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Topic 1: Foundation 3 subtopics

Topic 2: Ecology5 subtopics

Topic 3: Conservation and biodiversity3 subtopics

Topic 4: Water4 subtopics

Topic 5: Land2 subtopics

Topic 6: Atmosphere and climate change4 subtopics

Topic 7: Natural resources3 subtopics

Topic 8: Human populations and urban systems3 subtopics

HL lenses 3 subtopics

IB Environmental systems and societies 8.1A Birth and Immigration as Inputs to Population Growth Notes

Topic 1: Foundation 3 subtopics

Topic 2: Ecology5 subtopics

Topic 3: Conservation and biodiversity3 subtopics

Topic 4: Water4 subtopics

Topic 5: Land2 subtopics

Topic 6: Atmosphere and climate change4 subtopics

Topic 7: Natural resources3 subtopics

Topic 8: Human populations and urban systems3 subtopics

HL lenses 3 subtopics

Population Change: Inputs Add, Outputs Take Away

Measuring the Inputs: Births and Immigration

Measuring the Outputs: Deaths and Emigration

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

Population Change: Inputs Add, Outputs Take Away

Measuring the Inputs: Births and Immigration

Measuring the Outputs: Deaths and Emigration

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account