Energy Security: Access to Affordable and Reliable Energy Sources
Definition
Energy security
Energy security refers to a country’s ability to access affordable, reliable, and sustainable energy sources without major disruptions.
It is crucial for economic stability, national security, and environmental sustainability.
Countries improve energy security through:
- Energy efficiency measures (reducing consumption without sacrificing productivity)
- Decreasing reliance on imported energy (shifting to domestic sources)
- Diversification of energy sources (using a mix of fossil fuels, renewables, and nuclear power)
Global Changes in Energy Use Over Time
Energy consumption patterns have shifted significantly due to technological advancements, economic growth, and environmental concerns:
Key Trends (Based on Global Data from Our World in Data & World Bank)
- Fossil fuels dominate but declining:
- Oil, coal, and natural gas still supply over 80% of global energy, but their share is shrinking due to climate policies and economic transitions.
- Renewables growing:
- Solar and wind energy increased from 1% in 2000 to over 10% in 2023 of total energy supply.
