IB Environmental systems and societies Topic 1.2F Resilience of a System Revision Notes (SL/HL)

IB Environmental systems and societies Topic 1.2F Resilience of a System Revision Notes (SL/HL) | RevisionDojo

Written by official IB examiners

Definition

Resilience of a system

Resilience is a system’s ability to resist disturbances, recover, and maintain stability instead of reaching a tipping point that leads to a new equilibrium.

Resilience is a system's capacity to absorb shocks and bounce back

Resilience applies to both ecological and social systems, letting them adapt, survive, and keep functioning despite external shocks.
Resistance is the ability to withstand a disturbance without significant change.
Recovery is the speed and completeness with which a system returns to its original state after a disturbance.

Several factors set how resilient a system is

Adaptability is the capacity to reorganize or adjust processes to cope with new conditions.
Redundancy means several species or components perform similar roles, so function continues if one fails.
Feedback control uses negative feedback loops to restore balance after a disturbance.
Storage size buffers change, since larger stores of energy, matter, or biomass slow the rate of change.

Ecological and social resilience share the same logic

Ecological Resilience	Social Resilience
Maintains ecosystem functions like nutrient cycling, energy flow, and biodiversity.	Maintains social functions like governance, livelihoods, services, and community wellbeing.
Driven by biodiversity, storage capacity, and feedback mechanisms.	Driven by institutions, culture, education, and technology.
Example: Coral reefs recovering after bleaching.	Example: A community rebuilding after a natural disaster.

Resilience matters because it keeps systems stable and sustainable

Stability: resilient systems hold equilibrium and stay away from tipping points.
1. Tipping points themselves are covered in 1.2C, so treat this only as the threshold resilience protects.
Adaptation: they can adjust to new conditions such as climate change or economic shifts.
Sustainability: resilience supports long-term survival and function.

Common Mistake

Resistance is the ability to withstand change.
Resilience is the ability to recover after change, so do not treat the two as the same thing.

Diversity builds resilience through redundancy

Biodiversity raises resilience because many species perform similar ecological functions.
1. When one species declines, another can take over its role, such as pollination or nutrient cycling.

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Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

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Note

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Tip

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IB Environmental systems and societies 1.2F Resilience of a System Notes

IB Environmental systems and societies 1.2F Resilience of a System Notes

Resilience is a system's capacity to absorb shocks and bounce back

Several factors set how resilient a system is

Ecological and social resilience share the same logic

Resilience matters because it keeps systems stable and sustainable

Diversity builds resilience through redundancy

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

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Resilience is a system's capacity to absorb shocks and bounce back

Several factors set how resilient a system is

Ecological and social resilience share the same logic

Resilience matters because it keeps systems stable and sustainable

Diversity builds resilience through redundancy

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

IB Environmental systems and societies 1.2F Resilience of a System Notes

Topic 1: Foundation 3 subtopics

Topic 2: Ecology5 subtopics

Topic 3: Conservation and biodiversity3 subtopics

Topic 4: Water4 subtopics

Topic 5: Land2 subtopics

Topic 6: Atmosphere and climate change4 subtopics

Topic 7: Natural resources3 subtopics

Topic 8: Human populations and urban systems3 subtopics

HL lenses 3 subtopics

IB Environmental systems and societies 1.2F Resilience of a System Notes

Topic 1: Foundation 3 subtopics

Topic 2: Ecology5 subtopics

Topic 3: Conservation and biodiversity3 subtopics

Topic 4: Water4 subtopics

Topic 5: Land2 subtopics

Topic 6: Atmosphere and climate change4 subtopics

Topic 7: Natural resources3 subtopics

Topic 8: Human populations and urban systems3 subtopics

HL lenses 3 subtopics

Resilience is a system's capacity to absorb shocks and bounce back

Several factors set how resilient a system is

Ecological and social resilience share the same logic

Resilience matters because it keeps systems stable and sustainable

Diversity builds resilience through redundancy

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

Resilience is a system's capacity to absorb shocks and bounce back

Several factors set how resilient a system is

Ecological and social resilience share the same logic

Resilience matters because it keeps systems stable and sustainable

Diversity builds resilience through redundancy

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account