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Behavioural economics
A relatively recent field of economics founded on the notion that human behaviour is significantly more complex than the traditional assumptions of rational consumer choice.
Ceteris paribus
A Latin expression that indicates all other variables besides those being considered are assumed to be unchanging.
Equality
The even distribution of resources, opportunities, and outcomes among individuals or groups within a society
Equity
The condition of being fair and just.
Marginal utility
The satisfaction obtained from consuming one more unit of a good or service.
Normative economics
Way of thinking in economics that focuses on opinions and value judgments about what should or ought to happen in economic systems.
Positive economics
Way of thinking in economics that focuses on describing, explaining, and predicting economic events.
Sustainability
Preserving the capacity of the environment and the economy to continue to produce and satisfy the needs and wants of future generations.
Utility
The satisfaction obtained from consuming a good or service.