IB Digital Society 4.7A Social Components of Identity Key Definitions

Systematic, unfair outcomes produced by a computer system, often because the data it learned from under-represents some groups or encodes past inequality. In healthcare it can mean a tool works well for some patients and poorly for others.

Building a picture of a person from their online behaviour, then sorting them into groups to target content and ads. It can infer sensitive traits such as age, ethnicity, or sexuality that were never disclosed, raising concerns about consent, privacy, and discrimination.

When the separate audiences a person keeps apart offline, such as family, friends, and colleagues, merge into a single online audience, so one post is seen by all of them at once. It makes presenting a consistent self harder and can expose people to unintended readers.

A systematic skew in a dataset, from how it was collected or what it left out, that makes any system built on it treat some groups unfairly.

An online space where a group mostly encounters views that match its own, so shared beliefs are repeated and reinforced while opposing or outside perspectives rarely get in.

The act, process, or instance of representing ideas, emotions, and/or experiences using different modes and media.

The qualities, beliefs, and characteristics that define a person, group, or community. Identity is shaped by others and by context, so it is not fixed.

A mindset that recognizes the interconnectedness of the global community and embraces diversity.

A group of people who interact and build shared identity, norms, and belonging through a digital platform, connected by common interests rather than by physical location.