IB Digital Society 4.2D Globalization Key Definitions

Datasets so large, fast-moving, and varied that ordinary tools cannot store or process them, usually described by the four Vs: volume, velocity, variety, and veracity.

The process by which local and distinct cultures become more alike, often as globally dominant media, platforms, and trends spread and crowd out smaller traditions.

The principle that data is subject to the laws of the country where it is collected or stored, and that nations should have control over data about their own people.

The concern that a few powerful, mostly foreign technology companies and countries come to control the digital infrastructure, platforms, and data of less powerful nations, creating new forms of dependence.

The degree to which people, places, and organizations are linked through digital networks such as the internet, allowing instant communication and exchange across distances.

The gap between people who have reliable access to digital systems and the skills to use them and those who do not, a gap that tends to follow existing lines of income, age, geography, and ability.

The buying and selling of goods and services over the internet, including online stores, marketplaces, and digital payment systems.

The worldwide network of people, companies, and steps that design, source, make, and deliver a product, coordinated across countries using digital systems.

Increased interconnectedness of the world, where goods, services, information, and people move more freely across borders.

Online platforms built around user-generated content and connection, letting people create profiles, share posts, and interact in many-to-many networks rather than receiving content from a single source.