IB Digital Society 3.1G Data Dilemmas Key Definitions

Systematic, unfair outcomes produced by a computer system, often because the data it learned from under-represents some groups or encodes past inequality. In healthcare it can mean a tool works well for some patients and poorly for others.

A systematic error in an algorithm that produces unfair outcomes, often by favouring one group over another.

A systematic skew in a dataset, from how it was collected or what it left out, that makes any system built on it treat some groups unfairly.

Any data that can identify a specific person on its own or when combined with other data, such as a name, an address, a device ID, or a location trail.

A person's ability to control what information about themselves is collected, who can see it, and how it is used.

The systematic monitoring of people's behaviour, often through digital data, by a state or company, whether or not those being watched are aware of it.